4efd70c9874c0ed7bba87a9e4ef68d3986c8b600
31 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Message | Date | |
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Michal
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4efd70c987 |
vyos: move PPPoE off the config plane onto a gated systemd unit
Some checks failed
PPPoE HA could not work as written, and the reason is structural rather than a
bug: `set interfaces pppoe pppoe0 disable` and `delete` are handled identically
by interfaces_pppoe.py -- both UNLINK /etc/ppp/peers/pppoe0. That path is pppd's
own options file, so the resting state destroyed exactly what the promotion path
needed, and `ppp@pppoe0` restart-looped against it (observed: 47 restarts, zero
sessions at the access concentrator). It also made op-mode `connect interface
pppoe0` unusable, and put every failover behind a priority-322 commit where one
unrelated invalid node fails the whole thing -- which has already taken the
10 gig down once.
pppoe0 is now configured identically and ENABLED on both routers, so the peers
file always exists, and dialling is gated by a drop-in on the unit:
ConditionPathExists=/run/vrrp-wan/may-dial
ConditionPathExists=/etc/ppp/peers/pppoe0
/run is tmpfs, so the gate is shut at boot and neither box can dial before VRRP
has decided. That matters more than it first appears: with the node enabled,
interfaces_pppoe.py restarts ppp on EVERY commit touching the pppoe subtree when
the daemon is not running -- so the backup actively tries to dial whenever
anything commits. The gate is the only thing making that a no-op, which is why
vrrp-wan-reconcile now refuses to bless a box whose drop-in is missing: /etc is
per-image, and a VyOS upgrade would otherwise silently remove the protection.
may-dial is a LEASE, not a flag. ConditionPathExists is evaluated at start only
-- it can prevent a dial, never revoke one -- so a reconciler that stops running
while its box is demoted would keep the one ISP session for ever. The reconciler
renews the lease; a new 5s vrrp-wan-guard revokes it, and only ever revokes. It
fired correctly first time: "GUARD: lease stale (81s > 75s)".
Also: remove-then-stop on release (the file's absence blocks a NEW start that a
concurrent commit would trigger); a flap damper, because two routers that both
believe they hold the VIP will both dial and each dial kills the other's session
-- against a real ISP that is how an account gets rate-limited; and a guard on
`cfg` returning empty under commit-lock contention, which had already produced
one spurious "releasing" on a box that needed nothing.
GRACE 90 -> 180. accel-ppp's dead-peer budget is lcp-echo-interval(30) x
failure(3) = 90s, so the old value sat exactly on the boundary: a hard failover
into an AC that does not replace the stale session would fail its own check,
shed the VIPs, and leave both routers in FAULT.
The sim could not have tested any of this. Both routers now get the identical
WAN -- the secondary had none "because two PPPoE clients sharing one credential
is a different failure mode than anything production has", which is backwards:
that IS production. It also left the pair incomparable, ten NAT rules against
none. Safety now comes from resting state, not asymmetry.
Three more things the sim was hiding:
- the drift check's secondary regex omitted interfaces pppoe/bonding, nat
source and protocols failover, so it reported "in sync" for a box with no
WAN at all;
- the VRRP health-check and transition-script hooks existed on both live VMs
and in NEITHER generator -- the mechanism under test was pure undetected
drift;
- labsim-vyos's only default route was the libvirt-NAT scaffold, so every
"the LAN still has internet" verdict on it was answered by eth2 rather than
the WAN. --drop-scaffold applied; the earlier DHCP-failover proof is being
re-run because of it.
vrrp-wan-install ends the other half of that: the sim's previous proof came from
scripts hand-`sed`-ed in place, so the tested behaviour was not the committed
behaviour. `--check` now makes that a hard failure.
First green run: master holds both WANs, backup released, and the AC reports
exactly ONE session. sim-net-apply.sh check: all four in sync.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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2e828b8af2 |
vyos: a failover you can actually trigger, and four bugs found triggering it
Some checks failed
A planned failover had no reliable lever. VyOS offers only `restart vrrp`, and
neither that nor `systemctl restart keepalived` is dependable: with advert_int 1
the peer declares the master dead after ~3.6s and a restart usually finishes
inside that window. Measured -- the same command moved mastership on one run and
not on the next three. A fail-back step you cannot trigger on purpose is not a
procedure, and the recovery card depended on one.
The lever is now `touch /run/vrrp-wan/force-fault`: the health check fails, the
sync group sheds every VIP, and the peer takes over. It exercises the same path
a real WAN loss takes rather than a special case, and it lives in /run so a
reboot cannot leave a router permanently ineligible.
Proven end to end in labsim: lever -> mastership moves -> WAN follows -> the old
master releases -> a LAN VM has internet -> the faulted router returns to BACKUP
and is eligible again.
Getting there exposed four real bugs, two of which would have broken a GENUINE
failover, not just the drill:
- The grace stamp was written only by the 30s reconciler, so a freshly
promoted master reached the 5s health check with no stamp, scored grace = 0,
failed instantly and went FAULT. With the peer already faulted that left
BOTH routers in FAULT and the LAN with no gateway at all -- worse than the
outage the check exists to prevent. The check now stamps on promotion.
- And it inherited STALE stamps from an earlier mastership, failing ~5s after
passing. The stamp is now cleared on the way down, by the health check
itself, not only by the reconciler.
- The lock fd leaked into VyOS's config session: `exec 9>` is inherited by the
long-lived unionfs-fuse the session spawns, which never closes it. From the
first config change on, every later reconciler run lost the flock and exited
0 having done nothing -- healthy-looking journal, silently stopped
reconciling. That is how a demoted router kept the WAN. Children now get 9>&-.
- vrrp-wan-apply touched pppoe0 unconditionally. On a box where pppoe0 has no
source-interface VyOS rejects the whole commit ("Physical source-interface
required"), taking the bond0.53 change down with it -- and the script still
returned 0, so the reconciler logged a release that never happened. pppoe0 is
now guarded on existence and the commit's verdict is propagated.
Still NOT applied to production. The pair is single-homed on WAN until it is.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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7bf3f42e19 |
vyos: WAN follows VRRP mastership, rehearsed in labsim
Some checks failed
The ISP is consumer with one static IP, so "both routers hold WAN" is not
available: the 10 gig lease is anchored to a cloned MAC and the PPPoE line to a
single credential. The WAN therefore has to move with mastership.
Proven end to end in the sim: the secondary was promoted, took the WAN, got a
lease, installed a default route, and a LAN VM reached the internet through it
(3/3, 9ms). Demoting released it -- link down, no address. Rebooting the master
converged correctly too: it came back BACKUP with the WAN disabled while the
peer kept it.
The rehearsal earned its keep four times over, and none of these were visible
from reading the docs:
- `transition-script` alone is NOT safe to hang internet on. VyOS delivers it
through keepalived-fifo.py, and on one promotion that helper logged NOTHING
while Keepalived_vrrp logged all six instances entering MASTER and the
built-in notify_master for conntrack-sync ran normally. The result was a
router holding every VIP with no WAN -- the 2026-09-02 outage, recreated by
the mechanism meant to prevent it. Hence vrrp-wan-reconcile on a 30s timer:
the scripts give speed, the timer gives correctness.
- The health check must ask REALITY, not a marker. Keying "am I master" on a
/run file written by the transition script meant that when the script did
not run, the router believed it was backup, passed the check, and kept the
VIPs it could not serve. It now asks whether the VIP is actually on the box.
- The old address-based check DEADLOCKED this design: may-I-be-master required
already having WAN, and only the master gets WAN. That is why vyos002 sat in
FAULT for ever -- the safety check had silently removed the redundancy it
existed to protect.
- script-template must be the FIRST thing a script does. Sourced after an if,
an exec and a mkdir it terminated the script inside the source, rc=0, no
output: the reconciler reported success having done nothing. Hence the split
into vrrp-wan-apply, matching the shape /config/vyos-known-good already uses.
Two hazards found and handled rather than discovered in production:
- A `configure` session whose process dies leaks a unionfs mount under
/opt/vyatta/config/tmp, and one of those holds the commit lock -- after
which every commit fails, including the manual one you try to fix it with.
A 30s job that can leak one per failure wedges the box on its own, so the
reconciler reaps dead sessions before it starts. It cleared 8 on the sim.
- Any `save` while a box is master persists the enabled WAN into config.boot,
so a reboot would claim the shared MAC regardless of VRRP state. Observed:
an ordinary console-apply did exactly this. config.boot must keep `disable`
on BOTH routers; the model asserts it and vyos:verify reports it as drift.
NOT yet applied to production, and it should not be until the remaining item is
settled: a clean, deliberately-triggered failover has been seen via reboot, but
`restart vrrp` twice failed to move mastership at all, so the trigger for a
planned failover is still unproven.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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09ede73b67 |
migration: the watcher that caught vyos002, and what it found
vyos002-catch.sh is armed before power-on and strips the eth2 address the moment SSH answers -- 6 seconds, where a human watching a console loses that race more often than not. It commits eth2 on its own before doing anything else, because every extra command in that commit is extra exposure. Caught at 15:35:22 on the LoT leg. eth2 ended with no address and the sync-group health-check installed; it exits 1 (WAN disabled on this box), so all six VRRP groups sit in FAULT and it holds no VIPs at all. That is the protection that was missing on 2026-09-02, working as intended rather than as a theory. The bounded-risk note in the header is the part worth keeping: it comes up BACKUP behind a healthy vyos001, so it never holds 192.168.8.1 and the GATEWAY cannot be poisoned during the window. The unbounded case is it becoming MASTER with eth2 present, which the health-check now makes impossible. It also surfaced that vyos002 had booted from a saved config predating the day's work -- stale reservations including the two that hand the routers' own eth2 NICs 192.168.8.143/.144. Synced to vyos001 and imported; see kubernetes-deployment 7f92974. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
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a973b51b9c |
migration: vyos001 converted in production, and the config vyos002 needs first
UniFi does offer Native VLAN = None (7.5.10), and its dropdown lists Management as VLAN 1 -- the API reports vlan:null, which is what made this look like a blocker. The UI was right. Applied to USW Aggregation ports 1+2, then the router over ssh vyos@10.0.1.252. Confirmed by kea's own log: "the interface bond0 has no usable IPv4 addresses configured" -- it opens no socket on the parent, so there is no wrong pool left to answer from. VRRP held mastership with no transition; the VIPs never moved. Proven end to end by the thing that was broken: vyos002's JetKVM console, which had been sitting on a VLAN 3 port holding Management lease 192.168.1.28, was restarted and took 192.168.3.14 -- one lease, right pool, right reservation. That console is what unblocks vyos002. commit-confirm cannot be driven non-interactively: `vbash -s` hangs on its prompt. It failed safely (candidate discarded, nothing committed) but the recovery card's commit-confirm advice only works typed by hand. vyos002-return.conf carries the two defects that must not survive its next boot. eth2 is US24 port 16, native VLAN 2 -- disable that port before powering the box on and the ARP hazard is gone before it can happen. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
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d727a50ca0 |
migration: offline recovery card, and stop the leak test trusting a silent router
The change itself takes Management down, so the session that performs it has no
internet and no Claude. RECOVERY-CARD-vlan1-move.md is what is actually needed at
that point, on one page: the recovery path, the order, the commands, and what to
do when locked out.
The recovery path is `ssh vyos@10.0.1.252`, and the reason it is trustworthy is
that it is not routed -- the workstation is 10.0.0.210/23 and the router's LoT
leg is 10.0.1.252/23, so `ip route get` returns dev lanbr0 with no `via`. It
therefore survives Management, VRRP, the VIPs, DNS and the switch trunk all being
wrong at once. bond0.10 is untouched by the change and stays in the LAN group.
Order is switch-first, which is the opposite of what seems natural. The UniFi
controller is 192.168.1.5, on Management, reached from LoT *through vyos001*: do
the router first and you lose the controller you still need for the switch.
Two corrections to the leak test, both because it reported a router fault that
was its own:
- it counted `pgrep -f 'tcpdump -i bond0'`, so a stray tcpdump from an earlier
run satisfied the >=2 guard with none of this run's captures alive. A capture
that records nothing reads as "the router sent no reply at all".
- it believed a single silent run. Kea can be is-active and answering nothing
for tens of seconds after a restart, so the first VLANs of a loop failed and
the last passed. That produced two OPPOSITE and equally wrong conclusions
about `listen-interface` before a retry showed the pattern.
On `listen-interface`: it is a real second branch in kea-dhcp4.conf.j2 that keeps
dhcp-socket-type raw, unlike listen-address which forces udp and took DHCP down
when it was tried live. But naming the sub-interfaces explicitly left Management
DHCP dead in the sim, reproducibly, against a clean control with interfaces:["*"].
Not adopted, and not needed -- the address move is the proven fix.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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0481c38e09 |
labsim: prove the tagged-Management fix for kea's wrong-pool offers
Kea #1117: with dhcp-socket-type raw, a frame tagged for a sub-interface is also delivered to the parent's AF_PACKET socket, and if the parent serves a subnet kea answers from it too. Management being the native VLAN on bond0 is what gives the parent that subnet. One DISCOVER on VLAN 3 produced two OFFERs, and in the captures here the WRONG one arrives first as often as not -- which is why this looked device-dependent rather than like a server bug. labsim-vlan-leak-test.sh reproduces it and scores the SERVER's offers, not the client's choice; a client picking correctly is how this hid. Fails on the old shape, passes on the new one across all six LAN VLANs. Three things the rehearsal caught that reasoning had not: - kea keeps its old raw socket. VyOS does not restart it for an interface address change, so the first post-fix test failed and looked exactly like the fix not working. - interface-group LAN names the bare bond0. Moving the address without moving the group drops every management session under default-deny. - there is no make-before-break. A port always egresses its native VLAN untagged, so while VLAN 1 is native the router can send tagged VLAN 1 but never receive it -- verified, the ARP landed on bond0 untagged. What makes the cutover safe anyway is that tagged and untagged Management coexist, so the firewalls convert one at a time: 0s of VIP downtime, versus 5m30s if both routers go before the switch does. In that state the healthy BACKUP does NOT take over -- the sync group holds native BACKUP because the other VLANs still hear the master. Also fixes two ways the sim was lying. ovs_bond_router compared only the trunk VLAN list on re-runs, so a VM restart left the bond holding taps that no longer existed while the real ones sat in the bridge unbonded -- labsim-vyos2 had no LACP at all. And the tap count included the primary's libvirt-NAT scaffold NIC, so the primary's bond was skipped outright. Runbook: migration/MANAGEMENT-VLAN-TAGGED.md Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
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23783b8486 |
vyos: VRRP health check so the WAN and the gateway VIP cannot separate
Outage of 2026-09-02: vyos002 held every floating gateway IP while vyos001 held
the only working WAN. The LAN had a gateway that could not reach the internet,
and it stayed that way until vyos002 was powered off by hand.
Three causes, none of them bad luck. VRRP had no health check of any kind, so
mastership was decided purely on whether the peer was still advertising and
never on whether this router could route. vyos002 structurally cannot route --
bond0.53 is `disable`d because the 10 gig lease is bound to a cloned MAC that
only one box may hold, and pppoe0 is not up. And `no-preempt` is set on every
group, so once vyos002 took master it kept it even with a healthy priority-200
peer sitting next to it.
Reproduced exactly in labsim: stopping keepalived on the primary moved every VIP
to the WAN-less secondary and LAN internet went from 9ms to 100% loss; restarting
the healthy primary left it BACKUP and the outage in place. Applying this check
self-healed it -- secondary to FAULT, primary to MASTER, internet back.
The check asks "do I have an address on a WAN interface", deliberately not "can
I reach the internet" and not "do I have a default route". During a real ISP
outage the default route disappears on BOTH routers; keying on that would put
both in FAULT, nobody would hold the VIPs, and an internet outage would become a
total one.
Config goes on the SYNC GROUP, not per group: VyOS refuses a per-group check
while the group is in a sync group ("Only sync group health check will be
used"), and sync-group scope is what we want anyway so all VIPs move together.
Known cost, measured: with the primary genuinely dead the secondary stays FAULT
and NOTHING holds the gateway, so inter-VLAN routing stops too. That is the
honest consequence of a backup that cannot route. The fix for it is to make the
WAN follow mastership so the backup CAN route -- next, and rehearsed separately,
since it is the one change that can lose the DHCP lease.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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f41ffdd039 |
feat(vyos): reconciler that keeps the HE 6in4 tunnel on the live WAN
Some checks failed
Kernel-level (`ip tunnel change`), not VyOS config: no commit churn on a flapping line, no drift against the Pulumi model, and a reboot restores config.boot — which pins the 10 gig — so a wrong source cannot survive a restart. Sends `myip` explicitly, because mid-failover the update request may egress either line and letting HE infer the address would point the tunnel at the WAN we just left. Requires two consecutive agreeing runs before acting, since HE rate-limits updates and a flapping WAN would hammer the API precisely when it matters. MTU moves with the WAN: 1480 on the 10 gig (1500-20), 1472 on PPPoE (1492-20). Fixed at 1480, the backup path gives the signature people lose a day to — small packets fine, large transfers hang. Inert without /config/he-secrets, and a no-op when already in sync. |
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Michal
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a187703a3a |
feat(vyos): pin a known-good config and restore it with one command
Some checks failed
VyOS already has rollback, but `rollback 1` returns you to the *previous*
revision, which may itself be broken — you can end up walking backwards through
several bad commits hunting for the one that worked, at exactly the moment you
have no network to look things up with. This pins a state a human has actually
used and found working, so recovery is one step and needs no memory of how many
changes ago things were fine.
/config/vyos-known-good save pin the running config
/config/vyos-known-good status when it was taken, how running differs
/config/vyos-known-good diff what a restore would change
/config/vyos-known-good restore go back to it
Deliberately not automatic. A config is only known-good once someone has used
the network; a snapshot taken after every commit would faithfully preserve the
broken one.
The restore is itself commit-confirmed, so even the recovery path is protected:
if the snapshot is somehow wrong, or access is still broken and nothing can be
confirmed, the router undoes the restore rather than leaving you worse off.
Silence reverts.
`save` refuses when there are uncommitted changes — a snapshot that did not
match what is actually running would look like a safety net without being one.
Two things found while building it, both of which made the script silently
useless rather than fail loudly:
- Sourcing `script-template` **resets the positional parameters**, so `$1` was
empty by the time the case statement ran and every invocation fell through
to the usage message. Arguments are captured before the source.
- `0600` made the snapshot unreadable to the `vyos` user, so `status` and
`diff` — the two commands you run while deciding whether to restore — showed
nothing. Now 0660 root:vyattacfg, matching /config/config.boot.
Installed on both routers with the current, verified-working config pinned
(vyos001 1029 lines, vyos002 1019).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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f4984e3962 |
fix(vyos): health-check the 10 gig primary so failover actually fires
The 10 gig line was primary by route distance alone, which only fails over when bond0.53 loses carrier or its DHCP lease. An ISP that keeps the link up while dropping traffic -- the common failure -- would black-hole everything, because a DHCP-installed route has nothing to withdraw it. `protocols failover` now owns the live default route and pings two targets bound to the interface, so the backup can never be validated through the primary's path. Rehearsed on the labsim router: failover and failback both inside 5s with the router's own interface still UP. The vif keeps default-route-distance rather than no-default-route, demoted below Vodafone. vyos-failover resolves a dhcp-interface gateway by reading new_routers out of /run/dhclient/dhclient_<if>.lease, and no-default-route leaves that field EMPTY -- the daemon then finds no next hop and installs nothing. Observed on vyos001: the default route fell through to Vodafone. Preference is now failover's kernel route (distance 0) > pppoe (10) > DHCP (210), so the demoted route can never re-create the black hole it exists to avoid. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
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7b5331ddcd |
fix(migration): the backup has no WAN by design; stop failing it for that
The cutover succeeded on vyos001 -- gateway live, bond0.53 holding 87.192.101.48 with the cloned MAC, kea serving, clients routing out through NAT. vyos002 then ran the same script and was judged unhealthy, because the mandatory checks are "default route exists / internet reachable / DNS resolves" and the backup deliberately holds its WAN interfaces DOWN. Its config was correct; the check did not apply to it. Confirmed by hand before the timer could revert a good config. This is the third instance of one mistake: asserting a condition that is not true of the box being checked. First requiring every WAN when one suffices, now requiring a WAN on the box that is configured not to have one. A delta containing `interfaces ... disable` for the WAN now identifies the backup, and the WAN-dependent checks are skipped with a note. kea and the DNS forwarder remain mandatory on both -- those are what the backup must actually be able to do. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
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ce6911c196 |
fix(migration): require a working WAN, not every WAN
This reverted a cutover that had actually succeeded.
The evidence, from the revert tearing it down:
dhclient: DHCPRELEASE of 87.192.101.48 on bond0.53 to 185.232.119.244
vtysh: "no ip route 0.0.0.0/0 87.192.96.1 bond0.53 tag 210 1"
netlinkd: RTM_NEWLINK -> bond0.53, mac=f0:9f:c2:12:9b:4f
bond0.53 came up with the cloned MAC and was handed 87.192.101.48 -- the exact
public address the USG holds -- with a default route via the real ISP gateway.
kea was serving live LAN clients at the same moment (10.0.0.12, 10.0.0.13,
192.168.8.28). The gateway was working.
The only failure was pppoe0: ppp@pppoe0.service exited 5/NOTINSTALLED. That is
the Vodafone FAILOVER line, and the health check listed "pppoe0 has an address"
as mandatory, so a working gateway was torn down because its backup WAN was
down. The check encoded "every WAN must work" when the requirement is "the box
must reach the internet".
Now: default route, reachability and DNS are mandatory; each WAN interface is
reported individually but fatal on neither. A failover line being down is worth
seeing, not worth reverting for.
This also incidentally settles the last genuine unknown in the migration, which
could not be tested any other way: the ISP does hand the same lease to the
cloned MAC. That was the one thing I had said was unknowable until the USG let
go of it.
Note the earlier polling fix (
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Michal
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54b21fa9ff |
fix(migration): poll for WAN health instead of sampling once at 25s
A real cutover attempt reported failure and reverted a configuration that may well have been fine. The health check waited a fixed 25 seconds and then judged: [switch] committed. Waiting 25s for PPPoE and services to settle... [switch] FAIL pppoe0 has an address 25s is far too short for a WAN. PPPoE alone is PADI/PADO/PADR/PADS followed by LCP, authentication and IPCP -- routinely 15-30s on its own. Both lines had also just been released by the USG seconds earlier, and ISPs commonly hold the previous session and MAC binding for minutes before leasing to the "same" CPE again, which is exactly what a cloned MAC looks like from their side. The one thing the design could not tolerate was being impatient, and it was. Now polls every 15s up to HEALTH_BUDGET (default 180s), reporting progress, and stops early the moment everything is healthy. The budget deliberately finishes long before commit-confirm fires -- 180s against a 10 minute timer leaves 420s of margin -- so the decision to confirm or revert stays ours rather than being made by the timer. Also recorded while chasing this: the earlier claim that VLANs 51/53 are not trunked to the firewalls was WRONG, and the UniFi port settings disprove it -- those LAG ports are Native VLAN Management (1) with Tagged VLAN Management set to Allow All. My evidence never supported the claim: a passive RX count cannot distinguish an absent VLAN from a quiet one, because switches do not flood unicast, and the active DHCP probe used a random MAC that an ISP binding to its registered CPE would ignore regardless. Both observations fit a perfectly healthy trunk. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
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63061e6e7e |
feat(migration): peer link cabled and verified; conntrack-sync enabled in deltas
eth3 <-> eth3 direct cable is in. Both ends negotiated 2500Mb full duplex -- these are 2.5 GbE ports, not the 1G I had assumed. Carrier alone proves nothing, so the link was tested end to end with temporary kernel-level addresses (never committed to VyOS config, removed afterwards): 3/3 packets, 0% loss, 0.371ms average. A cable can show carrier and still not pass traffic; now it is known to. Deltas regenerated with --conntrack-link and installed on both boxes: vyos001 nat=21 fw=58 conntrack=9 eth3=10.255.255.1/30 disable=0 vyos002 nat=21 fw=58 conntrack=9 eth3=10.255.255.2/30 disable=2 Identical apart from the peer /30, the VRRP/DHCP-HA roles, and the two disable lines holding vyos002's WAN down. Both still report mode=unifi and nothing about their behaviour has changed -- eth3 carries no address in the running config, and conntrack-sync appears only in the delta, which is applied at cutover. Not verified: multicast on the peer link. `ping -I eth3 224.0.0.1` drew no responders, but that is the all-hosts group which VyOS need not answer, so it proves nothing either way. conntrack-sync's own multicast (225.0.0.50) was proven working in labsim over bond0.10, and this is a point-to-point link, so the risk is low -- but it is untested on this specific cable and worth watching at cutover. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
|
ccdd1e7e49 |
fix(migration): both boxes carry WAN and NAT; the backup just holds it down
"No NAT? How are we supposed to get internet?" -- a fair question that exposed a
worse design than I had admitted. Internet did work, but only via vyos001: NAT
and the entire WAN were gated behind --with-wan, so vyos002 would have held the
LAN VIPs and routed between VLANs with no path to the outside at all. Failover
would have preserved addressing and lost the internet.
The fix rests on a checked fact rather than an assumption: VyOS WARNS but still
commits when a NAT rule names an interface that does not exist
("Interface bond0.53 for source NAT rule 900 does not exist!"). Verified on a
real VyOS before relying on it.
So both boxes now get the identical WAN, NAT, port-forward and firewall config,
and the backup's two WAN interfaces are simply set `disable`. The cloned WAN MAC
is therefore never live on two boxes at once, while everything needed to route
and masquerade is already in place. The two deltas are now byte-identical apart
from VRRP priority, own/peer addresses, DHCP HA role, the conntrack /30 -- and
the two disable lines.
Taking over the internet path becomes deleting two lines rather than
reconstructing NAT under pressure:
delete interfaces bonding bond0 vif 53 disable
delete interfaces pppoe pppoe0 disable
Both boxes now: 21 NAT rules, 58 firewall rules, full PPPoE. Backup delta
validated against a real VyOS config with the disable lines present -- commits
clean. Runbook updated with the takeover procedure and the warning that it must
only be done when vyos001 is genuinely down.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
|
64e748ea94 |
test(labsim): conntrack-sync verified, and it exposed a delta defect
conntrack-sync proven working on the sim pair -- bidirectional replication with
zero errors:
MASTER internal 34 external(from peer) 52 62 pkts sent / 109 recv 0 err
BACKUP internal 76 external(from peer) 36 142 pkts sent / 73 recv 0 err
Getting there required learning something that changes the production config:
**VyOS only engages conntrack when a firewall or NAT is configured.** With
neither present, both routers reported zero conntrack entries and conntrack-sync
had nothing to replicate. Adding a single state-matching forward rule turned
tracking on and replication began immediately.
That is a defect in the delta, not just a test artifact. NAT and the firewall
were both gated behind --with-wan, so the BACKUP would have had neither -- it
would not have tracked connections at all, and replicated entries are useless to
a box whose conntrack is not engaged. Exactly the failure that only shows up
during a failover, when it is too late to notice.
Fixed: a stateful forward rule (accept established/related, default-action
accept) is now emitted on BOTH boxes, outside the WAN gate. Only NAT and the
WAN-scoped rules remain master-only. Verified: vyos002 now carries stateful
tracking and conntrack-sync but zero NAT lines. Master delta re-validated
against a real VyOS config -- no errors.
Also incidentally confirmed no-preempt: router1 rebooted and came back as
BACKUP rather than seizing the VIP, which is the opposite of what the production
pair did this afternoon (still on default preempt until cutover).
Two traps recorded while doing this:
- The detached `setsid nohup` config-apply pattern can strand a VyOS config
session. An orphaned session (dirs under /opt/vyatta/config/tmp/, PID long
dead) blocked every subsequent `set` on that box with a bare "Set failed",
and the dirs are overlay mounts so they cannot simply be deleted. Rebooting
cleared it. This pattern is used to survive losing SSH mid-change, so it is
worth knowing it has a failure mode of its own.
- Only VLAN 10 passes traffic between the two sim routers; every other VLAN
fails ARP despite identical vlan_mode/tag/trunks on both OVS bonds and
distinct MACs. VRRP forms on all six groups regardless. The sync link had to
be bond0.10 as a result. OVS-specific, absent in production, but it means
the sim proves mechanism rather than topology.
Production deltas regenerated with --conntrack-link: eth3 at 10.255.255.1/30 and
.2/30 awaiting the cable, which is not yet plugged (carrier=0 on both).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
|
952f5c66e3 |
feat(migration): complete the VyOS HA stack per the official docs
Prompted by "I thought we tested HA on libvirt" -- checking rather than
recalling showed the sim has ONE VyOS router with zero high-availability
config. VRRP was configured and running on the real pair, but it is only one of
four parts of what VyOS considers an HA pair.
Against docs.vyos.io (highavailability, conntrack-sync, dhcp-server, and the HA
walkthrough), three gaps are now closed in the delta:
- VRRP was multicast-only with default preemption. Added unicast
hello-source-address/peer-address per group, as the walkthrough does, plus
no-preempt. Without no-preempt a recovered box reclaims the VIP before
conntrack state has synced and drops every established connection; the docs
are explicit that preempt-delay must otherwise be >= purge-timeout.
The per-VLAN node addresses are a table, not derived: VLAN 3 is .4/.5 while
every other VLAN is .252/.253.
- DHCP high-availability, which fixes a real defect rather than adding a
feature. Both boxes carried the full 6 subnets and 84 static-mappings, so
after cutover two kea instances would have raced on the same broadcast
domains. Now active-passive with primary/secondary and swapped
source/remote, syncing over TCP 647 on the LoT addresses. Each subnet
already carries the unique subnet-id kea HA requires, and the peer name
deliberately differs from both host-names.
- conntrack-sync over a dedicated eth3 <-> eth3 link, gated behind
--conntrack-link because it needs a cable that is not plugged in yet. This
is what the peer cable is actually for -- VRRP does not want one, since its
hellos must travel on the segment they protect.
VRRP failover exercised on the production pair, which is free to break today
because nothing uses the .254 VIPs: keepalived stopped on vyos001, all six VIPs
moved to vyos002 within 12s, and returned on restart (preemption still default
on the live boxes). Both boxes clean afterwards, no config drift.
Master delta validated against vyos001's real running config on the sim router
before installing. Installed on both: 6 no-preempt, 6 unicast pairs, DHCP HA
primary/secondary respectively.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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|
Michal
|
f81c94af43 |
feat(migration): dual WAN, cloned MAC, and the new 10.8.0.0/23 Private VLAN
Two corrections from reading the live USG instead of trusting UniFi's fields,
which report wan_type=dhcp for both WANs and are simply wrong:
- There are TWO WANs, not one. WAN2 is the 10 gig ISP on VLAN 53, plain DHCP
with a PUBLIC address (87.192.101.48/21, gw 87.192.96.1) on the USG's eth2 --
and it is what actually carries traffic. WAN1 is Vodafone PPPoE on VLAN 51,
the failover. The delta had PPPoE as the only WAN, which would have left the
primary line unconfigured.
- The DHCP lease is bound to MAC, so bond0.53 now clones the USG's WAN2 MAC
(f0:9f:c2:12:9b:4f). That is how VyOS keeps the existing public lease rather
than negotiating a new one -- or getting none, if the ISP allows one per
line. Distances: 10 gig at 1, Vodafone at 10.
Only ONE box may hold the cloned MAC, so --with-wan gates the entire WAN, NAT
and firewall section. vyos001 gets it (320 set lines); vyos002 gets none (234,
zero WAN/NAT/firewall) and routes the LAN only. Pretending both could hold it
would have meant a duplicate MAC on VLAN 53 and a flapping switch table.
Private was rebuilt at 10.8.0.0/23 (VLAN 9) after the old 10.0.8.0/23 was
deleted. bond0.9 and the VRRP group were moved to 10.8.0.252/.253 with VIP
10.8.0.254 on both boxes, and the delta now targets 10.8.0.1.
Creating that network first required breaking a deadlock in UniFi: every LAN
write was rejected with api.err.WanIpOverlapped / 0.0.0.0/0, because WAN1 was
set to DHCP on a line that only speaks PPPoE, so it sat at 0.0.0.0 forever and
the validator treated that as a subnet overlapping everything. Verified
server-side, not a UI bug -- the API rejected it identically. Setting
wan_type=pppoe let it dial (90.241.226.213, MTU 1492), which cleared the phantom
overlap and incidentally PROVED the Vodafone credentials and line work, which
had been listed as untestable before cutover.
dhcp-options no-default-route-dns does not exist; the valid set is client-id,
default-route-distance, host-name, mtu, no-default-route, reject, user-class,
vendor-class-id. Caught by validating the delta against vyos001's real config on
the labsim router before installing.
After adding the network, the gateway's dhcpd.conf was checked with
`dhcpd3 -t -cf` (valid) and confirmed to contain the new subnet only after a
force-provision -- controller state is not device state.
Both boxes: mode unifi, VRRP unchanged, unifi.boot re-captured (232 lines,
carrying the new VLAN 9), no config drift.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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|
Michal
|
febe4b72bc |
chore(migration): all DNS through VyOS to Google, NAS out of the path
The NAS is legacy for ad.itaz.eu and those records now live in Cloudflare, so
the zone resolves publicly -- verified: nas001.ad.itaz.eu and
kvm-macstudio1.ad.itaz.eu both answer from 8.8.8.8. That removes the reason for
a conditional forward and lets the NAS leave the DNS path entirely.
Two changes:
- `service dns forwarding name-server` is now 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4, the same
pair the USG used on its WAN, instead of 10.0.0.194.
- Every VLAN is handed the gateway as its resolver. UniFi set an explicit
resolver on LoT only (the NAS); carrying that over would have kept the NAS
in the path for one VLAN and not the other five, which is the sort of
asymmetry nobody remembers a year later.
The NAS is still referenced 9 times, all legitimate and checked: 4 NAT
destination rules, the 4 matching firewall accepts for those port forwards, and
its own DHCP reservation. No DNS references remain.
Validated by loading vyos001's real running config on the labsim router and
applying the full delta -- all 318 commands accepted, no errors. Installed on
both boxes and verified in place: priority 200/100, upstream 8.8.8.8 + 8.8.4.4,
six client resolvers, 377 lines each.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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|
Michal
|
3768657b91 |
chore(migration): firewalls resolve via 8.8.8.8/8.8.4.4
Matches the DNS the USG used on its WAN (wan_dns1/wan_dns2), replacing the
10.0.0.194 I had set earlier. Applied to both boxes and saved; VRRP unchanged
(MASTER/BACKUP), NTP still synced, no config drift.
/config/modes/unifi.boot was RE-CAPTURED on both afterwards. It had been taken
before this change, so the escape hatch would have quietly reverted the
resolver on any rollback -- a snapshot is only an escape hatch for the state it
was taken from.
Two things recorded in the runbook:
- The boxes' name resolution now depends on the internet, so between
unplugging the USG and PPPoE establishing they have no DNS. Harmless:
nothing in the switch resolves a name, and the health checks use DNS
precisely to prove the WAN came up.
- Internal ad.itaz.eu names still resolve via Google, because that zone is
published publicly with private addresses in it (nas001 -> 10.0.0.194,
kvm-macstudio1 -> 192.168.3.8). So no conditional forward was needed --
though it is worth knowing the internal topology is public.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
|
2a8fcb3bd3 |
fix(migration): the runbook pointed at addresses that die with the USG
The access table led with 192.168.8.143/.144 and offered the LoT addresses as a
fallback ("if unreachable, try"). That is backwards and would have stranded the
operator at the worst moment: the workstation sits on LoT, and reaching
192.168.8.x routes *through the USG*, so those addresses are guaranteed dead the
instant it is unplugged. Measured:
ip route get 192.168.8.143 -> via 10.0.0.1 (the USG)
ip route get 10.0.1.252 -> dev lanbr0 (same L2, no gateway)
10.0.1.252 and .253 are on the LoT VLAN, same broadcast domain as the
workstation, and both answer SSH. They are now the only addresses the runbook
gives, with the k8s ones struck through.
Also recorded: the switch cannot be run before unplugging the USG (two devices
on every gateway address; the guard refuses), so the order is forced. And
during the gap between unplugging and completing the switch there is no
inter-VLAN routing at all -- which means the JetKVMs (Management and kvm) and
Tailscale are NOT fallbacks in that window. LoT SSH is the only remote path;
below it is physical console. Added a step 0: open both SSH sessions and leave
them open before touching anything.
Both boxes are now installed and pass the pre-flight gate: mode unifi,
unifi.boot 231 lines including the reload action, delta at the right priority
(200/100), wan-secrets 0600, script executable, no config drift, VRRP still
MASTER/BACKUP. `vyos-unifi-switch vyos` refuses on both -- all six gateway
addresses detected answering ARP -- and neither box has gained dhcp-server, dns
or nat, so nothing about their behaviour has changed.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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|
Michal
|
fc31013ceb |
fix(migration): apply the reviewed reservation plan, not a recomputed one
This caused a real outage. unifi-reserve-all.py recomputed its plan at --apply time by re-reading stat/sta, so a client that renewed between the dry run and the apply was pinned to whatever transient address it happened to hold at that instant. worker1-k8s0 was reviewed at 192.168.8.13 and written as 192.168.8.242. On its next reboot it could not get an address at all, taking a k8s node down. A plan that gets reviewed and a plan that gets applied must be the same object. The dry run now WRITES the plan to a file and --apply READS it and applies exactly that, reporting any client whose current address has since drifted rather than silently preferring the new value. 1 of 51 diverged; the rest were verified against the reviewed list and were correct. worker1 has been restored to .13 and confirmed: DHCPOFFER for its own MAC returns 192.168.8.13, and the node is up with a full lease and working internet. The second half of the outage was drift between controller and device: the USG was still running config from ~16h before these changes, so the controller looked perfectly correct while the gateway handed out something else. Writing the controller is only half the job, so the script now says so explicitly and gives the force-provision and DHCP-probe commands to verify with. `nmap --script broadcast-dhcp-discover --script-args broadcast-dhcp-discover.mac=...` is the way to prove a specific reservation is live without disturbing the client -- it elicits an OFFER without ever sending a REQUEST. _unifi.py gains post() for device commands. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
|
b37cd79432 |
fix(migration): refuse an unprobeable delta instead of warning past it
The ARP guard against two devices holding the same gateway address is the one check that prevents this script's worst outcome. It reads the addresses to probe out of the delta -- so a delta with no VIP lines made the guard inert, and it previously warned and carried on. That was a testing convenience (the lab delta has no VIPs) weakening a production safety check, which is backwards. It now refuses by default. ALLOW_NO_VIP_DELTA=1 is the explicit lab override. The guard's probing path had never actually executed before this: every sim run took the no-VIPs branch. Verified against the live USG from vyos001: arping is present on VyOS, the regex extracts all six gateway addresses from the real delta (192.168.1.1, 192.168.8.1, 192.168.3.1, 10.0.9.0, 10.0.0.1, 192.168.2.1), and every one of them answers ARP right now -- so on the real boxes, with the USG connected, the guard fires. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
|
7e464a2828 |
docs(migration): record what the rehearsal proved and what it could not
Ran vyos001's real running config plus the real production delta on the labsim router -- same VyOS version, isolated OVS bridge with no physical NIC, so the sim briefly holding vyos001's actual addresses could not reach the real LAN. Result: all 317 commands accepted and the whole delta commits (COMMIT OK), the revert is byte-exact, and auto-revert fires without rebooting (uptime and boot-id unchanged across it). Also written down are the two things this did NOT establish, because a runbook that overstates its own coverage is worse than one that admits the gap: PPPoE cannot be tried while the USG holds the single available session, and the rehearsal ran with vyos001's eth2/eth3 stanzas stripped because the sim VM has two NICs rather than four. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
|
01a923352f |
fix(migration): do not emit a NAT translation port for a port list
`set nat destination rule N translation port '16881,6881'` is rejected -- "16881,6881 is not a valid service name" -- because mapping a list of ports onto a list is ambiguous. `destination port` accepts the same list happily, which is why this only shows up on the translation side. All four UniFi port forwards map a port to itself, so translation port was redundant anyway: omitting it makes VyOS preserve the original port, which is exactly the intent. It is now emitted only when the forwarded port genuinely differs, and generation fails loudly rather than producing a config that will not commit if a differing port LIST ever appears. Found by loading vyos001's real running config onto the labsim router and applying the full delta to the candidate config without committing. Worth noting the delta had already passed a read-through: this one only surfaced by running it against a real VyOS of the same version. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
|
7f5d3517a3 |
fix(migration): create the WAN vif before PPPoE references it
`set interfaces pppoe pppoe0 source-interface bond0.51` refers to an interface that must already exist, and neither firewall has vif 51 -- only 2, 3, 9, 10 and 200 are configured. The commit would have failed, and since the whole delta commits as one unit, that failure would have taken the entire switch with it at the worst possible moment. No address on the vif: PPPoE rides the VLAN and needs no L3 of its own. Found by checking the running config against the generated delta rather than by running it. The prod delta has still never been applied to any VyOS, which is the remaining gap. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH |
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Michal
|
d56bbf6db0 |
feat(migration): reversible USG->VyOS switch, proven on the sim
The cutover is a switch, not a migration: unplug the USG, run one command, and
if anything is wrong run the other one and plug it back in. The operator will
have no internet during this and therefore no assistant, so the machinery has
to live on the boxes and the failure paths have to be proven in advance.
vyos-mode-delta.py generates the delta that turns the passive pair into the
gateway. Only one artifact is authored: gateway mode is always derived from
`load unifi.boot` + delta, so there is no inverse to maintain and no drift
between two hand-kept configs. It reuses unifi-to-vyos.py rather than
duplicating it, so what labsim proved and what production gets are one code
path. The PPPoE password is never written into the delta -- it carries a
placeholder the switch substitutes at apply time from /config/wan-secrets --
and generation fails if the real password appears in the output.
Two things the delta covers that the plan had underweighted:
- VyOS defaults to ACCEPT while the USG has an implicit WAN drop. Migrating
the port forwards alone would have left the router's own services and the
whole LAN reachable from the WAN. Added a stateful baseline scoped to the
WAN interface rather than a global default-action drop, so a mistake there
cannot lock anyone out over the LAN -- the only way back during a cutover.
- The old VIPs are NOT at network+254 on the /23 networks; they are
192.168.9.254, 10.0.9.254 and 10.0.1.254, in the upper half. A delete
naming a computed address fails quietly and leaves the group holding two
VIPs. The delta deletes the whole address node instead of guessing.
vyos-unifi-switch runs on the box from /config, which survives image upgrades,
so it works from a local terminal or the JetKVM with no workstation.
Proven on labsim, not assumed:
- unifi mode restores the previous config BYTE-EXACT (138 lines, diff clean).
- Auto-revert fires when the commit is not confirmed: 85 static-mappings ->
0, kea stopped, hostname restored, and uptime plus boot-id UNCHANGED, so
it reloaded rather than rebooted. That distinction is the whole reason
`commit-confirm action reload` is a prerequisite.
- Health-check failure triggers an immediate revert_soft rather than waiting
out the timer.
Four bugs found while doing it, each of which produced a wrong answer rather
than an error:
- commit-confirm is TWO steps. `config-mgmt commit_confirm` only arms the
revert timer; a normal `commit` still has to follow. Arming alone committed
nothing while reporting success.
- `sudo sg vyattacfg "config-mgmt ..."` loses the config-session environment,
so it reported "No configuration changes to commit" against a candidate
that plainly had 446 added lines.
- `... | grep -q` under `set -o pipefail` reports FAILURE on a match: grep
exits early, the producer takes SIGPIPE. Whether it triggers depends on
output size, so `status` misreported the mode intermittently.
- `show configuration commands` quotes values, so a fixed-string match for
`action reload` never matched `action 'reload'`.
CUTOVER.md is the printable runbook: both reachable addresses per box, the
escape hatch first, and the note that PPPoE is the one thing that could not be
tested beforehand.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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|
Michal
|
6c4318d3ae |
feat(migration): reserve every active client at its current address
kea does not inherit UniFi's lease database. At cutover it starts with an empty
view of who holds what, so it can hand an address that is currently in use to a
different device. Reservations are what carry "this device has this address"
across the switch, because they live in config rather than in lease state.
unifi-reserve-all.py creates one per active client, dry run by default. 51
written, 51/51 verified live by reading the records back; the controller now
holds 85 reservations and the generator emits all 85 with unique, valid
hostnames and no duplicate addresses. Active clients with no reservation went
from 48 to 4.
Three guards, each of which caught something real in the dry run:
- VRRP virtual addresses are excluded. UniFi reports them as ordinary client
addresses because the firewalls' bond MACs answer for them, and their
apparent IP flips between the real interface address and the VIP. Without
this, 192.168.1.254 -- the gateway VIP itself -- would have been given a
DHCP reservation.
- The firewalls' own interface MACs are excluded; those are statically
configured routers, not DHCP clients.
- Any address claimed by more than one MAC is dropped rather than guessed
at. This is how the VIPs surfaced in the first place.
Also skipped: addresses already reserved to another MAC, network gateways, and
anything on a network that does not serve DHCP (which excludes the WAN transit
VLANs automatically).
labsim-dhcp-test.sh gained a lease-database flush, and it is not tidiness. Two
findings, both of which first appeared as a PASSING test:
- Re-running against stale leases, kea gave dynamic addresses to three
devices that have reservations. The reservations were present and correct
in kea's own config throughout. Kea saw the reserved address as leased to
"another client" -- same MAC, different client-id from the earlier boot --
and allocated elsewhere. Cutover starts with an empty lease database so
this is a testing artifact, but a reservation is evidently not
unconditional once leases exist.
- Removing only dhcp4-leases.csv does nothing: kea's memfile backend keeps
lease-file-cleanup rotations (.csv.2) and restores from them on start.
The verdict logic no longer takes the first matching lease row. Doing so
reported an hours-old lease as the current answer and scored three failures as
passes, including one where the device had plainly been given a dynamic
address. A MAC with more than one lease is now an explicit failure rather than
a guess.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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|
Michal
|
f36ff4c6e3 |
feat(migration): pin firewall management NICs and reserve them in UniFi
Prerequisite for the cutover. eth2 on both firewalls was DHCP-served by the USG,
and both addresses (192.168.8.143/.144) sit inside the pool VyOS will serve --
with no reservation for either MAC. After the switch they would renew from kea,
get no mapping, and the management addresses could move. That is the worst
possible moment for the address you SSH to to change, because losing the USG
also means losing internet and any outside help.
On both boxes, driven over the LoT path (bond0.10) so the interface being
changed was never the one carrying the session:
- eth2 pinned static at its current address, so it no longer depends on DHCP
- `system name-server eth2` replaced with 10.0.0.194. That setting inherited
resolvers from the DHCP lease, i.e. the boxes were resolving via the USG and
would have lost DNS with it. 10.0.0.194 is reachable directly over bond0.10
and is authoritative for ad.itaz.eu, so internal names now resolve on the
firewalls -- they did not before.
- static default route via 192.168.8.1, replacing the one the lease provided.
Superseded by PPPoE in vyos mode; this keeps unifi mode as it was.
Verified after each: SSH on the pinned address, external and internal DNS, NTP
still synced, VRRP unchanged (vyos001 MASTER, vyos002 BACKUP).
migration/unifi-reserve.py adds the matching UniFi reservations so the
controller cannot lease those addresses to anything else, keeping the
management address identical in both modes. It reads the record back after
writing, because a controller accepting a PUT is not proof it stored what was
asked for, and it is idempotent.
Also noted while doing this: VyOS `commit-confirm` REBOOTS the box if not
confirmed -- "Minutes until reboot, unless 'confirm'" -- it does not roll the
config back in place. For a gateway that means a real outage window, which
changes how the switch script must use it. `config-mgmt commit_confirm -y`
executes without the interactive prompt.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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Michal
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feat(migration): export UniFi config and generate VyOS DHCP+DNS from it
Groundwork for replacing the USG with the VyOS pair without anything on the
network noticing. Three pieces:
migration/unifi-export.py pulls 13 endpoints off the classic controller into
timestamped JSON plus a normalised inventory: 11 networks, 31 DHCP
reservations, 4 port forwards, 2 firewall rules, 0 static routes. Two things
this turned up that a naive export would have lost:
- 23 of the 31 reservations carry no network_id at all -- UniFi simply does
not store the binding -- so they are resolved by subnet containment
instead. Without that, three quarters of the reservations have no subnet
to be placed in.
- 30 of the 31 sit INSIDE the DHCP pool, which UniFi's dhcpd tolerates and
which is flagged as a warning rather than discovered at cutover.
migration/unifi-to-vyos.py turns that inventory into VyOS `set` commands for
DHCP and DNS only -- the services the USG owns that VyOS must reproduce. Not a
general converter. --prod and --sim come from one code path so the config
proven in the sim and the config applied to the firewalls cannot drift. Prod
mode hard-fails if any reservation is missing, since a silent drop is the
failure mode that matters.
DNS is included because the USG resolves for 5 of 6 VLANs today: UniFi hands
out the gateway's own address whenever dhcpd_dns is empty, verified by
labmaster resolving against 192.168.8.1. Replacing the USG without a forwarder
would take DNS away from those VLANs entirely.
labsim/labsim-dhcp-test.sh proves it by booting throwaway VMs with real
production MACs -- the one piece of production config that transplants
verbatim. Safe because ovs-labsim has no physical NIC, so those MACs cannot
reach the real LAN.
Result on VyOS 2026.08 (kea), 4/4: printer1 got 172.31.10.46 from inside the
pool, sonoff-matter got 172.31.11.67 across the /23 boundary, Hubitat got its
out-of-pool .2, and an unreserved MAC got an unreserved address. kea honours
in-pool host reservations -- the open question blocking the cutover.
Supporting changes to labsim:
- VLAN 10 widened to /23. Every reservation is in LoT and LoT spans 10.0.0.x
and 10.0.1.x, which a /24 cannot represent.
- LoT's host leg moved to .3, because 10.0.0.2 is a real reservation
(Hubitat) that maps onto the host's own address.
- vlans.conf gained optional masklen and host_octet fields, defaulting to
24 and 2 so the other five VLANs are untouched.
- Fixed /etc/network/interfaces hardcoding 255.255.255.0. That file is what
actually takes effect on these Alpine guests -- cloud-init's
network-config is ignored -- so any non-/24 VLAN was silently wrong.
Two generator bugs found by VyOS rejecting the output: static-mapping names
are validated as hostnames, so underscores fail; and two devices named
"espressif" plus two named "thebeast" collided into single names, which would
have overwritten one reservation with another's address.
The raw export holds WiFi passphrases and the WAN PPPoE credentials and is
gitignored.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH
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