feat(bastion): unattended VyOS network install with HA (bond + VRRP)

VyOS ships no unattended installer (install_image() is unconditionally
interactive; --no-prompt is wired only to 'add'), so the automation is
injected through live-config's hooks component: iPXE boots the live
kernel with fetch= and live-config.hooks=, the hook fetches a generated
per-MAC Python driver, and the driver builds config.boot, stages the
rootfs, and drives the interactive installer over a pty.

Bastion:
- vyos-boot.ipxe template (no 'nonetworking' — breaks the hook fetch;
  no console=ttyS0 — 30s/systemd-phase on UART-less boards)
- /vyos/autoinstall.sh + /vyos/install.py routes (per-MAC driver with
  the config spec baked in as base64)
- vyos-config-spec: bond0 (802.3ad) + tagged VLANs + VRRP groups
  (vrid = VLAN id) + sync group + hw-id pinning by MAC + SSH keys;
  config built from the image's own config.boot.default via
  vyos.configtree, version footer reattached via component_version
- prepareVyosArtifacts: extract kernel/initrd/squashfs from the nightly
  ISO with xorriso; initrd picked by size from regular files only;
  ISO URL "latest" resolves the newest vyos-nightly-build GH release
  (downloads.vyos.io no longer serves direct ISOs)

Verified end-to-end in a libvirt VM against the real nightly ISO —
installed system boots with bond/VRRP/hw-id config applied and no
migrations. Fixes found by the VM run, encoded in code comments:
config.boot.default lives at /usr/share/vyos at hook time; fetch= boot
has no medium so the rootfs is symlinked to the installer's expected
path; reboot must be --force (the hook is a child of the still-starting
live-config unit); installer disk answers are full /dev paths; zram0
passes the 2GB min-disk filter so the disk is always pinned.

CLI/labd: vyos spec threaded through provision install (--vyos-* and
--vlan/--vlan-vip flags with guards), labd install route, protocol
command-install, and the bastion's direct /api/install.

268 unit tests pass; no new lint errors in touched files.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01DMVzWZgiKW2wquf5z8S1yH

bastion/src/bastion/src/config.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,15 @@ export function loadConfig(overrides: Partial<BastionConfig> = {}): BastionConfi
   const ubuntuMirror = overrides.ubuntuMirror ?? process.env["UBUNTU_MIRROR"]
     ?? `https://releases.ubuntu.com/${ubuntuVersion}`;
 
+  // "latest" resolves the newest nightly ISO from the vyos-nightly-build GitHub
+  // releases at startup. downloads.vyos.io no longer serves direct rolling ISOs
+  // (it returns the vyos.io site, and nightly builds sit behind a signup form);
+  // GitHub releases are the remaining free, unauthenticated direct source.
+  // LTS ISOs are subscription-only. Set VYOS_ISO_URL to pin a specific build.
+  const vyosIsoUrl = overrides.vyosIsoUrl ?? process.env["VYOS_ISO_URL"] ?? "latest";
+  const vyosDefaultPassword = overrides.vyosDefaultPassword
+    ?? process.env["VYOS_DEFAULT_PASSWORD"] ?? "vyos";
+
   const fedoraMirror = `https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/${fedoraVersion}/Everything/${arch}/os`;
   const tftpDir = `${bastionDir}/tftp`;
   const httpDir = `${bastionDir}/http`;
@@ -38,6 +47,8 @@ export function loadConfig(overrides: Partial<BastionConfig> = {}): BastionConfi
     dhcpRangeEnd,
     ubuntuVersion,
     ubuntuMirror,
+    vyosIsoUrl,
+    vyosDefaultPassword,
     // These are populated at runtime by the network service
     iface: overrides.iface ?? "",
     serverIp: overrides.serverIp ?? "",

bastion/src/bastion/src/main.ts

@@ -40,6 +40,125 @@ function download(url: string, dest: string, label: string): void {
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Pick the largest regular-file initrd from an `xorriso -lsl` listing.
+ *
+ * /live carries decoys: a 0-byte initrd.img placeholder on some images, or an
+ * initrd.img SYMLINK to the real version-suffixed file on others. Parsing is
+ * field-based (ls -l layout: perms links uid gid size month day time 'name')
+ * and considers only lines whose mode string marks a regular file — symlinks
+ * report their link size, not the target's, and must not win.
+ */
+export function pickLargestInitrd(
+  listing: string,
+): { name: string; size: number } | undefined {
+  let best: { name: string; size: number } | undefined;
+  for (const line of listing.split("\n")) {
+    if (!line.startsWith("-")) continue;          // regular files only
+    const quoted = /'([^']+)'/.exec(line);
+    const fields = line.trim().split(/\s+/);
+    const size = parseInt(fields[4] ?? "", 10);
+    const name = quoted?.[1] ?? "";
+    if (!name.startsWith("initrd")) continue;
+    if (!Number.isFinite(size) || size <= 0) continue;
+    if (best === undefined || size > best.size) {
+      best = { name, size };
+    }
+  }
+  return best;
+}
+
+const VYOS_NIGHTLY_RELEASES =
+  "https://api.github.com/repos/vyos/vyos-nightly-build/releases/latest";
+
+/**
+ * Resolve the configured VyOS ISO URL, expanding the "latest" sentinel.
+ *
+ * The nightly asset filename embeds a build date, so there is no stable
+ * "latest.iso" path to hardcode — the newest release has to be looked up.
+ * Any other value is used verbatim, which is how VYOS_ISO_URL pins a build
+ * or points at a locally mirrored copy.
+ */
+function resolveVyosIsoUrl(configured: string): string {
+  if (configured !== "latest") return configured;
+
+  const body = execSync(`curl -sSfL "${VYOS_NIGHTLY_RELEASES}"`, {
+    encoding: "utf-8",
+    stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
+  });
+  const release = JSON.parse(body) as {
+    tag_name?: string;
+    assets?: Array<{ name: string; browser_download_url: string }>;
+  };
+
+  const asset = (release.assets ?? []).find((a) =>
+    /generic-amd64\.iso$/.test(a.name),
+  );
+  if (!asset) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `No generic-amd64 ISO asset in VyOS nightly release ${release.tag_name ?? "?"}`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  logger.info(`  VyOS ISO resolved to ${asset.name} (${release.tag_name ?? "?"})`);
+  return asset.browser_download_url;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extract VyOS netboot artifacts from the release ISO.
+ *
+ * VyOS publishes no netboot bundle, so kernel/initrd/squashfs have to come out
+ * of the ISO. xorriso is already in the bastion image (used for boot.iso) and
+ * extracts without root or a loop mount.
+ *
+ * The initrd needs care: /live contains an empty initrd.img placeholder
+ * alongside the real one, which carries a version-suffixed name. Booting the
+ * 0-byte file fails with no useful diagnostic, so pick the largest initrd*.
+ */
+export function prepareVyosArtifacts(config: BastionConfig): void {
+  const kernel = `${config.httpDir}/vyos-vmlinuz`;
+  const initrd = `${config.httpDir}/vyos-initrd`;
+  const squashfs = `${config.httpDir}/vyos-filesystem.squashfs`;
+
+  if (existsSync(kernel) && existsSync(initrd) && existsSync(squashfs)) {
+    logger.info("  VyOS netboot artifacts -- cached");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const iso = `${config.bastionDir}/vyos.iso`;
+  download(resolveVyosIsoUrl(config.vyosIsoUrl), iso, "VyOS ISO");
+
+  const extract = (isoPath: string, dest: string, label: string): void => {
+    execSync(
+      `xorriso -osirrox on -indev "${iso}" -extract "${isoPath}" "${dest}"`,
+      { stdio: "pipe" },
+    );
+    logger.info(`  ${label} -- extracted from ${isoPath}`);
+  };
+
+  extract("/live/vmlinuz", kernel, "VyOS kernel");
+  extract("/live/filesystem.squashfs", squashfs, "VyOS squashfs");
+
+  // Pick the real initrd by size from the ISO's own directory listing.
+  const listing = execSync(`xorriso -indev "${iso}" -lsl /live/ --`, {
+    encoding: "utf-8",
+    stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
+  });
+
+  const best = pickLargestInitrd(listing);
+  if (best === undefined) {
+    throw new Error("No non-empty initrd found in /live on the VyOS ISO");
+  }
+  extract(`/live/${best.name}`, initrd, `VyOS initrd (${best.name}, ${best.size} bytes)`);
+
+  // The ISO is only needed to produce the three artifacts above.
+  try {
+    unlinkSync(iso);
+  } catch {
+    // Non-fatal: leaving it costs disk but nothing else.
+  }
+}
+
 function symlinkSafe(target: string, linkPath: string): void {
   try {
     symlinkSync(target, linkPath);
@@ -182,6 +301,17 @@ export async function startBastion(overrides: Partial<BastionConfig> = {}): Prom
       logger.warn(`Ubuntu ${config.ubuntuVersion} artifacts not available -- Ubuntu provisioning disabled`);
     }
 
+    // VyOS netboot artifacts (non-fatal — same policy as Ubuntu)
+    try {
+      logger.info("Preparing VyOS netboot artifacts...");
+      prepareVyosArtifacts(config);
+    } catch (err) {
+      logger.warn(
+        `VyOS artifacts not available -- VyOS provisioning disabled ` +
+        `(${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)})`,
+      );
+    }
+
     // Symlink iPXE binaries into HTTP dir for UEFI HTTP Boot
     for (const name of ["ipxe.efi", "ipxe-arm64.efi"]) {
       const src = `${config.tftpDir}/${name}`;
@@ -261,6 +391,7 @@ export async function startBastion(overrides: Partial<BastionConfig> = {}): Prom
           role: msg.role as import("@lab/shared").Role,
           os: msg.os as import("@lab/shared").OsId,
           queued_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+          ...(msg.vyos ? { vyos: msg.vyos } : {}),
         };
       });
       return { status: "ok", data: { mac: msg.mac, hostname: msg.hostname } };

bastion/src/bastion/src/routes/api.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 // /api/discover  - receive hardware discovery reports from PXE-booted machines
 
 import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
-import type { HardwareInfo, InstalledInfo, Role } from "@lab/shared";
+import type { HardwareInfo, InstalledInfo, Role, VyosInstallSpec } from "@lab/shared";
-import { isValidOsId, SUPPORTED_ROLES } from "@lab/shared";
+import { isValidOsId, SUPPORTED_ROLES, SUPPORTED_OS } from "@lab/shared";
 import type { StateManager } from "../services/state.js";
 import { logger } from "../services/logger.js";
 import { triggerPostProvisionK3s } from "../services/post-provision.js";
@@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ export function registerApiRoutes(
       disk?: string;
       role?: string;
       os?: string;
+      vyos?: VyosInstallSpec;
     };
   }>("/api/install", async (request, reply) => {
-    const { mac: rawMac, hostname, disk, role, os } = request.body ?? {};
+    const { mac: rawMac, hostname, disk, role, os, vyos } = request.body ?? {};
     const mac = (rawMac ?? "").toLowerCase().replace(/-/g, ":");
 
     if (mac === "") {
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ export function registerApiRoutes(
 
     const osId = os ?? "fedora-43";
     if (!isValidOsId(osId)) {
-      return reply.status(400).send({ error: `invalid os: '${osId}'. Supported: fedora-43, ubuntu-26.04` });
+      return reply.status(400).send({ error: `invalid os: '${osId}'. Supported: ${SUPPORTED_OS.join(", ")}` });
     }
 
     state.update((s) => {
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ export function registerApiRoutes(
         role: validRole as Role,
         os: osId,
         queued_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+        ...(vyos ? { vyos } : {}),
       };
     });
 

bastion/src/bastion/src/routes/dispatch.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
   renderLocalBootIpxe,
 } from "../templates/boot.ipxe.js";
 import { renderUbuntuInstallIpxe } from "../templates/ubuntu-boot.ipxe.js";
+import { renderVyosInstallIpxe } from "../templates/vyos-boot.ipxe.js";
 import { renderDebugKickstart } from "../templates/debug.ks.js";
 import { logger } from "../services/logger.js";
 
@@ -100,7 +101,14 @@ echo "==============================="
       logger.info(`INSTALL STARTED: ${mac} -> ${hostname} (${os})`);
 
       let script: string;
-      if (os.startsWith("ubuntu")) {
+      if (os.startsWith("vyos")) {
+        script = renderVyosInstallIpxe({
+          mac,
+          hostname,
+          serverIp: config.serverIp,
+          httpPort: config.httpPort,
+        });
+      } else if (os.startsWith("ubuntu")) {
         script = renderUbuntuInstallIpxe({
           mac,
           hostname,

bastion/src/bastion/src/routes/vyos.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// VyOS network install routes.
+//
+// VyOS has no unattended installer, so the automation is injected via
+// live-config's `hooks` component: the iPXE script passes
+// live-config.hooks=<.../vyos/autoinstall.sh>, live-config wgets it and runs it
+// as root, and that script fetches and executes the generated install driver.
+
+import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
+import type { BastionConfig } from "@lab/shared";
+import type { StateManager } from "../services/state.js";
+import { buildVyosConfigSpec } from "../templates/vyos-config-spec.js";
+import { renderVyosInstallPy } from "../templates/vyos-install.py.js";
+import { logger } from "../services/logger.js";
+
+function normalizeMac(value: string | undefined): string {
+  return (value ?? "").toLowerCase().replace(/-/g, ":");
+}
+
+export function registerVyosRoutes(
+  app: FastifyInstance,
+  config: BastionConfig,
+  state: StateManager,
+): void {
+  // live-config hook. Kept minimal: everything version-specific lives in the
+  // generated Python. wget is guaranteed present -- live-config used it to
+  // fetch this very script.
+  app.get<{ Querystring: { mac?: string } }>("/vyos/autoinstall.sh", async (request, reply) => {
+    const mac = normalizeMac(request.query.mac);
+    const base = `http://${config.serverIp}:${config.httpPort}`;
+
+    logger.info(`VYOS AUTOINSTALL HOOK served to ${mac || "unknown MAC"}`);
+
+    const script = `#!/bin/sh
+# Lab PXE Bastion -- VyOS unattended install hook (run by live-config as root)
+set -eu
+
+wget -q "${base}/vyos/install.py?mac=${mac}" -O /tmp/vyos-install.py
+exec python3 /tmp/vyos-install.py
+`;
+    return reply.type("text/plain").send(script);
+  });
+
+  // Per-MAC install driver, with the machine's config spec baked in.
+  app.get<{ Querystring: { mac?: string } }>("/vyos/install.py", async (request, reply) => {
+    const mac = normalizeMac(request.query.mac);
+    const queueEntry = state.load().install_queue[mac];
+
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({
+      hostname: queueEntry?.hostname ?? "vyos",
+      spec: queueEntry?.vyos,
+      defaultPassword: config.vyosDefaultPassword,
+      sshKeys: config.sshKeys,
+      disk: queueEntry?.disk,
+    });
+
+    logger.info(
+      `VYOS INSTALL DRIVER served to ${mac} (${spec.hostname}, ` +
+      `${spec.sets.length} config ops, disk="${spec.disk || "auto"}")`,
+    );
+
+    const script = renderVyosInstallPy({
+      spec,
+      mac,
+      serverIp: config.serverIp,
+      httpPort: config.httpPort,
+    });
+
+    return reply.type("text/plain").send(script);
+  });
+}

bastion/src/bastion/src/server.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { registerDispatchRoutes } from "./routes/dispatch.js";
 import { registerKickstartRoutes } from "./routes/kickstart.js";
 import { registerApiRoutes } from "./routes/api.js";
 import { registerAsahiRoutes } from "./routes/asahi.js";
+import { registerVyosRoutes } from "./routes/vyos.js";
 
 
 export function createApp(config: BastionConfig): { app: ReturnType<typeof Fastify>; state: StateManager; installLog: InstallLogBuffer; syslog: SyslogListener } {
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ export function createApp(config: BastionConfig): { app: ReturnType<typeof Fasti
   registerKickstartRoutes(app, config, state, syslog);
   registerApiRoutes(app, state, installLog, syslog);
   registerAsahiRoutes(app, config);
+  registerVyosRoutes(app, config, state);
   // boot.iso is generated at startup and served as a static file from httpDir
   // (static serving supports HTTP Range requests, required by JetKVM streaming)
 

bastion/src/bastion/src/templates/vyos-boot.ipxe.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// iPXE boot script template for VyOS network install.
+//
+// VyOS ships no unattended installer: `install image` is unconditionally
+// interactive (image_installer.py's install action takes no arguments, and
+// --no-prompt is wired only to `add`). So PXE boots the *live* system and the
+// automation is injected through live-config's `hooks` component, which fetches
+// a script over HTTP and runs it as root late in live boot.
+//
+// Unlike the Fedora/Ubuntu paths this boots a live image rather than an
+// installer, so there is no kickstart/autoinstall equivalent — see
+// routes/vyos.ts for the hook that actually drives the install.
+
+export function renderVyosInstallIpxe(params: {
+  mac: string;
+  hostname: string;
+  serverIp: string;
+  httpPort: number;
+}): string {
+  const base = `http://${params.serverIp}:${params.httpPort}`;
+
+  // Deliberately NOT passing `nonetworking` (present in VyOS's own PXE docs):
+  // live-config's hook component needs networking up to fetch the hook over
+  // HTTP. Also no `console=ttyS0` — on hardware without a physical UART that
+  // costs 30s at every systemd boot phase.
+  return `#!ipxe
+
+echo
+echo =============================================
+echo   Lab PXE Bastion - INSTALLING VyOS
+echo   Target: ${params.hostname}
+echo   MAC:    ${params.mac}
+echo =============================================
+echo
+
+kernel ${base}/vyos-vmlinuz boot=live nopersistence noautologin fetch=${base}/vyos-filesystem.squashfs live-config.hooks=${base}/vyos/autoinstall.sh?mac=${params.mac}
+initrd ${base}/vyos-initrd
+boot
+`;
+}

bastion/src/bastion/src/templates/vyos-config-spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+// Builds the VyOS configuration spec applied by the autoinstall hook.
+//
+// We deliberately do NOT emit a config.boot file as text. A config.boot carries a
+// `vyos-config-version` trailer; without a trailer matching the running image,
+// VyOS runs its migration scripts from version 0 on first boot. Instead the hook
+// loads the image's own /opt/vyatta/etc/config.boot.default through vyos.configtree
+// and applies these set operations on top, so syntax and version trailer always
+// match the exact image being installed.
+
+import type { VyosInstallSpec } from "@lab/shared";
+
+export interface VyosSetOp {
+  path: string[];
+  value?: string;
+  /** false appends to a multi-value node (e.g. bond members) instead of replacing. */
+  replace?: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface VyosConfigSpec {
+  hostname: string;
+  /** "" means accept the installer default (the running image's version string). */
+  imageName: string;
+  password: string;
+  console: "K" | "S";
+  /** Target disk name (e.g. "nvme0n1"); "" accepts the installer's first-disk default. */
+  disk: string;
+  /** Whether to accept RAID-1 when the installer finds more than one disk. */
+  raid: boolean;
+  sets: VyosSetOp[];
+  /** Paths that are VyOS tag nodes — must be marked as such in the ConfigTree. */
+  tags: string[][];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Normalise a target disk to the form the installer expects.
+ *
+ * find_disks() enumerates via `lsblk -Jbp` (-p = full paths), so its valid
+ * responses are "/dev/mmcblk0"-style. A bare "mmcblk0" is rejected by
+ * ask_input()'s valid_responses check and re-prompts forever.
+ */
+function normalizeDiskPath(value: string | undefined): string {
+  const raw = (value ?? "").trim();
+  if (raw === "") return "";
+  return raw.startsWith("/dev/") ? raw : `/dev/${raw}`;
+}
+
+export function buildVyosConfigSpec(params: {
+  hostname: string;
+  spec?: VyosInstallSpec | undefined;
+  defaultPassword: string;
+  sshKeys?: string[] | undefined;
+  disk?: string | undefined;
+}): VyosConfigSpec {
+  const spec = params.spec ?? {};
+  const mgmt = spec.mgmtInterface ?? "eth0";
+  const mgmtAddress = spec.mgmtAddress ?? "dhcp";
+  const bondMembers = spec.bondMembers ?? [];
+  const vlans = spec.vlans ?? [];
+
+  const sets: VyosSetOp[] = [];
+  const tags: string[][] = [
+    ["interfaces", "ethernet"],
+    ["system", "login", "user"],
+  ];
+
+  const hwIds = spec.hwIds ?? {};
+  const pinHwId = (iface: string): void => {
+    const mac = hwIds[iface];
+    if (mac !== undefined && mac !== "") {
+      sets.push({ path: ["interfaces", "ethernet", iface, "hw-id"], value: mac });
+    }
+  };
+
+  sets.push({ path: ["system", "host-name"], value: params.hostname });
+
+  // Management interface — the NIC that PXE booted, left untagged and unbonded.
+  sets.push({ path: ["interfaces", "ethernet", mgmt, "address"], value: mgmtAddress });
+  pinHwId(mgmt);
+
+  // Tagged management VLAN on the PXE port. Emitted regardless of bonding, so
+  // the box stays reachable on the management VLAN while still booting untagged
+  // on whichever VLAN the bastion's proxy DHCP serves.
+  const mgmtVlan = spec.mgmtVlan;
+  if (mgmtVlan !== undefined) {
+    tags.push(["interfaces", "ethernet", mgmt, "vif"]);
+    const vif = ["interfaces", "ethernet", mgmt, "vif", String(mgmtVlan.id)];
+    sets.push({ path: [...vif, "address"], value: mgmtVlan.address });
+    if (mgmtVlan.description !== undefined && mgmtVlan.description !== "") {
+      sets.push({ path: [...vif, "description"], value: mgmtVlan.description });
+    }
+  }
+
+  // LACP bond. Members must exclude the PXE NIC; firmware PXE cannot run over LACP.
+  const bonded = bondMembers.length > 0;
+  if (bonded) {
+    tags.push(["interfaces", "bonding"]);
+    sets.push({ path: ["interfaces", "bonding", "bond0", "mode"], value: "802.3ad" });
+    sets.push({ path: ["interfaces", "bonding", "bond0", "hash-policy"], value: "layer2+3" });
+    for (const member of bondMembers) {
+      sets.push({
+        path: ["interfaces", "bonding", "bond0", "member", "interface"],
+        value: member,
+        replace: false,
+      });
+      pinHwId(member);
+    }
+    // Address on the trunk's native/untagged VLAN.
+    if (spec.bondAddress !== undefined && spec.bondAddress !== "") {
+      sets.push({ path: ["interfaces", "bonding", "bond0", "address"], value: spec.bondAddress });
+    }
+  }
+
+  // VRRP groups accumulate here; emitted (plus a sync group) after the VLANs.
+  // interface accepts dotted vifs (constraint regex `[0-9]+(.\d+)?`), address
+  // is a tag node (the VIP is the tag value itself), vrid range is 1-255.
+  const vrrpGroups: Array<{ name: string; iface: string; vrid: number; vip: string }> = [];
+  if (bonded && spec.bondVrrp !== undefined && spec.bondVrrp !== "") {
+    // vrid 1 for the untagged group: the native VLAN is never a vif, so this
+    // cannot collide with a vlan-id-derived vrid.
+    vrrpGroups.push({ name: "native", iface: "bond0", vrid: 1, vip: spec.bondVrrp });
+  }
+
+  // Tagged VLAN sub-interfaces hang off the bond when there is one, else off mgmt.
+  const parent = bonded
+    ? ["interfaces", "bonding", "bond0"]
+    : ["interfaces", "ethernet", mgmt];
+  if (vlans.length > 0) {
+    tags.push([...parent, "vif"]);
+    const parentName = bonded ? "bond0" : mgmt;
+    for (const vlan of vlans) {
+      const vif = [...parent, "vif", String(vlan.id)];
+      sets.push({ path: [...vif, "address"], value: vlan.address });
+      if (vlan.description !== undefined && vlan.description !== "") {
+        sets.push({ path: [...vif, "description"], value: vlan.description });
+      }
+      if (vlan.vrrp !== undefined && vlan.vrrp !== "") {
+        vrrpGroups.push({
+          name: `vlan${vlan.id}`,
+          iface: `${parentName}.${vlan.id}`,
+          vrid: vlan.id,
+          vip: vlan.vrrp,
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Emit VRRP groups plus one sync group so all VLANs fail over together —
+  // without it a single-link event could split mastership across the pair.
+  if (vrrpGroups.length > 0) {
+    tags.push(["high-availability", "vrrp", "group"]);
+    tags.push(["high-availability", "vrrp", "sync-group"]);
+    const priority = String(spec.vrrpPriority ?? 100);
+    for (const g of vrrpGroups) {
+      const base = ["high-availability", "vrrp", "group", g.name];
+      sets.push({ path: [...base, "interface"], value: g.iface });
+      sets.push({ path: [...base, "vrid"], value: String(g.vrid) });
+      sets.push({ path: [...base, "priority"], value: priority });
+      // address is a tag node: the VIP is the path's final segment, no value.
+      sets.push({ path: [...base, "address", g.vip] });
+      tags.push([...base, "address"]);
+      sets.push({
+        path: ["high-availability", "vrrp", "sync-group", "MAIN", "member"],
+        value: g.name,
+        replace: false,
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  sets.push({ path: ["service", "ssh", "port"], value: "22" });
+
+  const sshKeys = params.sshKeys ?? [];
+  if (sshKeys.length > 0) {
+    tags.push(["system", "login", "user", "vyos", "authentication", "public-keys"]);
+    sshKeys.forEach((entry, index) => {
+      const parts = entry.trim().split(/\s+/);
+      const type = parts[0] ?? "";
+      const key = parts[1] ?? "";
+      if (!type.startsWith("ssh-") && !type.startsWith("ecdsa-")) return;
+      if (!key) return;
+      const name = parts[2] ?? `lab-key-${index}`;
+      const base = ["system", "login", "user", "vyos", "authentication", "public-keys", name];
+      sets.push({ path: [...base, "type"], value: type });
+      sets.push({ path: [...base, "key"], value: key });
+    });
+  }
+
+  return {
+    hostname: params.hostname,
+    imageName: "",
+    password: spec.password ?? params.defaultPassword,
+    console: "K",
+    disk: normalizeDiskPath(params.disk),
+    raid: false,
+    sets,
+    tags,
+  };
+}

bastion/src/bastion/src/templates/vyos-install.py.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+// Renders the Python program that performs the unattended VyOS install.
+//
+// It runs as root inside the live system, fetched and executed by live-config's
+// `hooks` component (see vyos-boot.ipxe.ts). It does three things:
+//   1. builds config.boot from the image's own default via vyos.configtree
+//   2. drives the interactive `install image` through a pty
+//   3. reports progress back to the bastion, then reboots
+//
+// A pty is used rather than piping stdin because the installer reads the
+// password through getpass(), which opens /dev/tty directly and would ignore a
+// pipe. Prompts are matched by text rather than replayed positionally: the
+// installer skips the boot-config question when it finds a previous
+// installation, so a fixed answer sequence desyncs on reinstall.
+
+import type { VyosConfigSpec } from "./vyos-config-spec.js";
+
+export function renderVyosInstallPy(params: {
+  spec: VyosConfigSpec;
+  mac: string;
+  serverIp: string;
+  httpPort: number;
+}): string {
+  // Base64 so arbitrary values (passwords, descriptions, SSH keys) can never
+  // terminate the Python string literal that carries them.
+  const specB64 = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(params.spec), "utf-8").toString("base64");
+
+  return `#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Unattended VyOS install driver -- generated by the lab PXE bastion."""
+
+import base64
+import json
+import os
+import pty
+import re
+import select
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+import urllib.request
+
+SPEC = json.loads(base64.b64decode("${specB64}").decode("utf-8"))
+BASTION = "http://${params.serverIp}:${params.httpPort}"
+MAC = "${params.mac}"
+
+INSTALLER = "/usr/libexec/vyos/op_mode/image_installer.py"
+CONFIG_DIR = "/opt/vyatta/etc/config"
+# The installer copies the rootfs from the boot MEDIUM path -- which only a
+# CD/USB boot provides. With fetch= (HTTP netboot) nothing is mounted there
+# (verified in VM: Errno 2), so the squashfs must be linked or re-fetched into
+# place before 'install image' runs.
+ROOTFS_EXPECTED = "/usr/lib/live/mount/medium/live/filesystem.squashfs"
+SQUASHFS_URL = "http://${params.serverIp}:${params.httpPort}/vyos-filesystem.squashfs"
+# The live-config hook runs BEFORE vyos-router creates the /opt/vyatta compat
+# path, so the squashfs's own location must be tried too (verified in VM: only
+# /usr/share/vyos/config.boot.default exists at hook time).
+DEFAULT_CONFIG_CANDIDATES = [
+    "/opt/vyatta/etc/config.boot.default",
+    "/usr/share/vyos/config.boot.default",
+]
+STALL_TIMEOUT = 900  # seconds without installer output before giving up
+
+
+def report(stage, detail=""):
+    """Best-effort progress callback; never fatal."""
+    try:
+        body = json.dumps({"mac": MAC, "stage": stage, "detail": detail}).encode()
+        req = urllib.request.Request(
+            BASTION + "/api/progress",
+            data=body,
+            headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"},
+        )
+        urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5).read()
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+
+def build_config():
+    """Apply our set operations onto the image's own default config.
+
+    Using config.boot.default as the base keeps the vyos-config-version trailer
+    consistent with the running image, so first boot does not run migrations.
+    """
+    from vyos.configtree import ConfigTree
+
+    default_config = next(
+        (p for p in DEFAULT_CONFIG_CANDIDATES if os.path.exists(p)), None)
+    if default_config is None:
+        raise FileNotFoundError(
+            "no config.boot.default found (tried %s)" % ", ".join(DEFAULT_CONFIG_CANDIDATES))
+    print("base config: %s" % default_config)
+
+    with open(default_config) as handle:
+        config = ConfigTree(handle.read())
+
+    for op in SPEC["sets"]:
+        replace = op.get("replace", True)
+        if "value" in op and op["value"] is not None:
+            config.set(op["path"], value=op["value"], replace=replace)
+        else:
+            config.set(op["path"])
+
+    # Tag nodes must be marked after the nodes exist, as the installer itself does.
+    for tag in SPEC["tags"]:
+        try:
+            config.set_tag(tag)
+        except Exception as err:
+            print("warning: set_tag %s failed: %s" % (tag, err))
+
+    os.makedirs(CONFIG_DIR, exist_ok=True)
+    target = os.path.join(CONFIG_DIR, "config.boot")
+
+    # Re-attach the vyos-config-version footer: ConfigTree.to_string() emits
+    # only the config body, and a config without the footer is treated as
+    # ancient -- the boot migrator then runs every migration over it and (as
+    # observed in the VM test) crashes in system/31-to-32. Building the footer
+    # from the running system pins it to the exact image being installed.
+    body = config.to_string()
+    try:
+        from vyos.component_version import version_info_from_system
+        info = version_info_from_system()
+        info.update_config_body(body)
+        info.write(target)
+        print("wrote %s (footer: %s)" % (target, info.release))
+    except Exception as err:
+        print("warning: version footer failed (%s); writing bare config" % err)
+        with open(target, "w") as handle:
+            handle.write(body)
+    return target
+
+
+def find_live_squashfs():
+    """Locate the squashfs live-boot fetched, without walking into the mounted
+    rootfs or overlay (each would mean traversing the entire OS tree)."""
+    explicit = [
+        "/run/live/medium/live/filesystem.squashfs",
+        "/lib/live/mount/medium/live/filesystem.squashfs",
+    ]
+    for path in explicit:
+        if os.path.isfile(path) and os.path.getsize(path) > 0:
+            return path
+    for root in ("/run/live", "/lib/live/mount", "/usr/lib/live/mount"):
+        for dirpath, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
+            depth = dirpath.count(os.sep) - root.count(os.sep)
+            dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs
+                       if d not in ("rootfs", "overlay")
+                       and not d.endswith(".squashfs")
+                       and depth < 3]
+            if "filesystem.squashfs" in files:
+                path = os.path.join(dirpath, "filesystem.squashfs")
+                if os.path.isfile(path) and os.path.getsize(path) > 0:
+                    return path
+    return None
+
+
+def ensure_rootfs():
+    """Make FILE_ROOTFS_SRC exist so the installer can copy the system image."""
+    if os.path.isfile(ROOTFS_EXPECTED) and os.path.getsize(ROOTFS_EXPECTED) > 0:
+        return
+    src = find_live_squashfs()
+    if src is None:
+        print("squashfs not in live mounts; re-fetching %s" % SQUASHFS_URL)
+        src = "/tmp/filesystem.squashfs"
+        urllib.request.urlretrieve(SQUASHFS_URL, src)
+    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(ROOTFS_EXPECTED), exist_ok=True)
+    if os.path.lexists(ROOTFS_EXPECTED):
+        os.remove(ROOTFS_EXPECTED)
+    os.symlink(src, ROOTFS_EXPECTED)
+    print("rootfs source: %s -> %s" % (ROOTFS_EXPECTED, src))
+
+
+def build_rules():
+    """Prompt -> response table for the interactive installer."""
+    password = SPEC["password"].encode() + b"\\n"
+    image_name = SPEC["imageName"].encode() + b"\\n"
+    disk = SPEC["disk"].encode() + b"\\n"
+    console = SPEC["console"].encode() + b"\\n"
+    raid = (b"yes\\n" if SPEC["raid"] else b"no\\n")
+
+    return [
+        (re.compile(rb"Would you like to continue\\?"), b"yes\\n"),
+        (re.compile(rb"What would you like to name this image\\?"), image_name),
+        (re.compile(rb"Please confirm password for the .vyos. user:"), password),
+        (re.compile(rb"Please enter a password for the .vyos. user:"), password),
+        (re.compile(rb"What console should be used by default"), console),
+        (re.compile(rb"Would you like to configure RAID-1 mirroring"), raid),
+        (re.compile(rb"Installation will delete all data on (?:the drive|both drives)\\. Continue\\?"), b"yes\\n"),
+        (re.compile(rb"Which one should be used for installation\\?"), disk),
+        (re.compile(rb"Would you like to use all the free space on the drive\\?"), b"yes\\n"),
+        (re.compile(rb"Which file would you like as boot config\\?"), b"1\\n"),
+    ]
+
+
+def run_installer():
+    """Drive image_installer.py over a pty, answering prompts as they appear."""
+    rules = build_rules()
+    master, slave = pty.openpty()
+
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(
+        [INSTALLER, "--action", "install"],
+        stdin=slave,
+        stdout=slave,
+        stderr=slave,
+        close_fds=True,
+        preexec_fn=os.setsid,
+    )
+    os.close(slave)
+
+    buf = b""
+    transcript = b""   # rolling tail of everything the installer printed
+    last_output = time.time()
+
+    while True:
+        ready, _, _ = select.select([master], [], [], 1.0)
+
+        if ready:
+            try:
+                chunk = os.read(master, 4096)
+            except OSError:
+                break
+            if not chunk:
+                break
+
+            sys.stdout.buffer.write(chunk)
+            sys.stdout.buffer.flush()
+            buf += chunk
+            transcript = (transcript + chunk)[-8000:]
+            last_output = time.time()
+
+            # Answer every prompt currently in the buffer, earliest first, so
+            # ordering is preserved even when the installer skips questions --
+            # and so a single chunk carrying two prompts gets both answers.
+            while True:
+                best = None
+                for pattern, response in rules:
+                    found = pattern.search(buf)
+                    if found and (best is None or found.start() < best[0].start()):
+                        best = (found, response)
+                if best is None:
+                    break
+                found, response = best
+                os.write(master, response)
+                transcript = (transcript + b"\\n>>> answered: " + response)[-8000:]
+                buf = buf[found.end():]
+
+            # Bound memory if the installer emits a lot without prompting.
+            if len(buf) > 65536:
+                buf = buf[-8192:]
+
+        elif proc.poll() is not None:
+            break
+
+        if time.time() - last_output > STALL_TIMEOUT:
+            proc.kill()
+            raise SystemExit("installer produced no output for %ds" % STALL_TIMEOUT)
+
+    os.close(master)
+    return proc.wait(), transcript.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+
+
+def main():
+    report("vyos-install", "building config.boot")
+    try:
+        build_config()
+    except Exception as err:
+        report("error", "config generation failed: %s" % err)
+        raise
+
+    report("vyos-install", "staging rootfs for installer")
+    try:
+        ensure_rootfs()
+    except Exception as err:
+        report("error", "rootfs staging failed: %s" % err)
+        raise
+
+    report("vyos-install", "running install image")
+    code, transcript = run_installer()
+
+    if code != 0:
+        # Surface the installer's last words in bastion progress -- the console
+        # they were printed on is usually invisible during unattended installs.
+        report("error", "install image exited %d | tail: %s" % (code, transcript[-4000:]))
+        raise SystemExit(code)
+
+    # "complete" is the stage the bastion uses to move a machine out of the
+    # install queue into installed state -- see routes/api.ts.
+    report("complete", "VyOS installed, rebooting")
+    os.system("sync")
+    # --force: this driver is a child of live-config.service, whose start job is
+    # still running -- a normal reboot deadlocks waiting for it (verified in VM:
+    # shutdown blocked >1min on "start job is running for live-config"). The
+    # installer has already unmounted and cleaned the target, so an immediate
+    # reboot is safe.
+    os.system("systemctl reboot --force")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+`;
+}

bastion/src/bastion/tests/dispatch.test.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ function createTestConfig(testDir: string): BastionConfig {
     dhcpRangeEnd: "",
     ubuntuVersion: "26.04",
     ubuntuMirror: "https://releases.ubuntu.com/26.04",
+    vyosIsoUrl: "https://downloads.vyos.io/rolling/current/generic/vyos-rolling-latest.iso",
+    vyosDefaultPassword: "vyos",
     iface: "eth0",
     serverIp: "10.0.0.1",
     network: "10.0.0.0",

bastion/src/bastion/tests/vyos.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, afterEach } from "vitest";
+import { mkdirSync, rmSync } from "node:fs";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
+import type { BastionConfig } from "@lab/shared";
+import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
+import { createApp } from "../src/server.js";
+import type { StateManager } from "../src/services/state.js";
+import { buildVyosConfigSpec } from "../src/templates/vyos-config-spec.js";
+
+function createTestConfig(testDir: string): BastionConfig {
+  return {
+    fedoraVersion: "43",
+    arch: "x86_64",
+    httpPort: 0,
+    timezone: "Europe/London",
+    locale: "en_GB.UTF-8",
+    bastionDir: testDir,
+    domain: "test.local",
+    dhcpMode: "proxy",
+    dhcpRangeStart: "",
+    dhcpRangeEnd: "",
+    ubuntuVersion: "26.04",
+    ubuntuMirror: "https://releases.ubuntu.com/26.04",
+    vyosIsoUrl: "https://example.invalid/vyos.iso",
+    vyosDefaultPassword: "test-pw",
+    iface: "eth0",
+    serverIp: "10.0.0.1",
+    network: "10.0.0.0",
+    gateway: "10.0.0.1",
+    sshKeys: ["ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAITEST lab@test"],
+    adminUser: "testadmin",
+    syslogPort: 15515,
+    skipDnsmasq: true,
+    skipArtifacts: true,
+    fedoraMirror: "https://example.invalid/fedora",
+    tftpDir: join(testDir, "tftp"),
+    httpDir: join(testDir, "http"),
+    stateFile: join(testDir, "state.json"),
+  };
+}
+
+/** Pull the base64 spec back out of the generated Python driver. */
+function decodeSpecFrom(python: string): Record<string, unknown> {
+  const match = /base64\.b64decode\("([^"]+)"\)/.exec(python);
+  if (!match?.[1]) throw new Error("no base64 spec found in generated driver");
+  return JSON.parse(Buffer.from(match[1], "base64").toString("utf-8"));
+}
+
+describe("vyos config spec", () => {
+  it("puts VLANs on the bond when members are given", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({
+      hostname: "fw1",
+      defaultPassword: "pw",
+      spec: {
+        mgmtInterface: "eth0",
+        mgmtAddress: "10.0.8.2/24",
+        bondMembers: ["eth2", "eth3"],
+        vlans: [{ id: 10, address: "10.0.10.1/24", description: "k8s" }],
+      },
+    });
+
+    const paths = spec.sets.map((s) => s.path.join(" "));
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces bonding bond0 mode");
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces bonding bond0 vif 10 address");
+    // VLANs must hang off the bond, not the management NIC.
+    expect(paths).not.toContain("interfaces ethernet eth0 vif 10 address");
+
+    // Bond members are a multi-value node — appending, not replacing, is what
+    // keeps the second member from overwriting the first.
+    const members = spec.sets.filter(
+      (s) => s.path.join(" ") === "interfaces bonding bond0 member interface",
+    );
+    expect(members.map((m) => m.value)).toEqual(["eth2", "eth3"]);
+    expect(members.every((m) => m.replace === false)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to VLANs on the management NIC when unbonded", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({
+      hostname: "fw2",
+      defaultPassword: "pw",
+      spec: { mgmtInterface: "eth1", vlans: [{ id: 20, address: "10.0.20.1/24" }] },
+    });
+
+    const paths = spec.sets.map((s) => s.path.join(" "));
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces ethernet eth1 vif 20 address");
+  });
+
+  it("normalises the target disk to a full /dev path", () => {
+    // find_disks() enumerates with `lsblk -Jbp`, so valid responses are full
+    // paths; a bare name fails valid_responses and re-prompts forever.
+    expect(buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw3", defaultPassword: "pw", disk: "/dev/mmcblk0" }).disk)
+      .toBe("/dev/mmcblk0");
+    expect(buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw3", defaultPassword: "pw", disk: "mmcblk0" }).disk)
+      .toBe("/dev/mmcblk0");
+    expect(buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw3", defaultPassword: "pw" }).disk).toBe("");
+  });
+
+  it("defaults to dhcp on eth0 and never opts into RAID", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw4", defaultPassword: "pw" });
+    const address = spec.sets.find(
+      (s) => s.path.join(" ") === "interfaces ethernet eth0 address",
+    );
+    expect(address?.value).toBe("dhcp");
+    // The installer's RAID prompt defaults to yes; a second disk must not
+    // silently produce a mirror.
+    expect(spec.raid).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("vyos routes", () => {
+  let testDir: string;
+  let app: FastifyInstance;
+  let state: StateManager;
+  const mac = "aa:bb:cc:11:22:33";
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    testDir = join(tmpdir(), `bastion-vyos-test-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`);
+    mkdirSync(join(testDir, "http"), { recursive: true });
+    mkdirSync(join(testDir, "tftp"), { recursive: true });
+
+    const result = createApp(createTestConfig(testDir));
+    app = result.app;
+    state = result.state;
+  });
+
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    await app.close();
+    rmSync(testDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+
+  it("dispatches a queued vyos machine to the live-boot script", async () => {
+    state.update((s) => {
+      s.install_queue[mac] = {
+        hostname: "fw1",
+        disk: "/dev/nvme0n1",
+        role: "worker",
+        os: "vyos-rolling",
+        queued_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+      };
+    });
+
+    const response = await app.inject({ method: "GET", url: `/dispatch?mac=${mac}` });
+    expect(response.statusCode).toBe(200);
+
+    expect(response.body).toContain("/vyos-vmlinuz");
+    expect(response.body).toContain("fetch=http://10.0.0.1:0/vyos-filesystem.squashfs");
+    expect(response.body).toContain(`live-config.hooks=http://10.0.0.1:0/vyos/autoinstall.sh?mac=${mac}`);
+
+    // `nonetworking` appears in VyOS's own PXE docs but breaks the hook fetch,
+    // and console=ttyS0 costs 30s per systemd phase on boards with no UART.
+    expect(response.body).not.toContain("nonetworking");
+    expect(response.body).not.toContain("console=ttyS0");
+  });
+
+  it("serves a hook that fetches and executes the install driver", async () => {
+    const response = await app.inject({ method: "GET", url: `/vyos/autoinstall.sh?mac=${mac}` });
+    expect(response.statusCode).toBe(200);
+    expect(response.body).toContain(`/vyos/install.py?mac=${mac}`);
+    expect(response.body).toContain("python3 /tmp/vyos-install.py");
+  });
+
+  it("bakes the machine's config into the generated install driver", async () => {
+    state.update((s) => {
+      s.install_queue[mac] = {
+        hostname: "fw1",
+        disk: "/dev/nvme0n1",
+        role: "worker",
+        os: "vyos-rolling",
+        queued_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+        vyos: {
+          mgmtInterface: "eth0",
+          mgmtAddress: "10.0.8.2/24",
+          bondMembers: ["eth2", "eth3"],
+          vlans: [{ id: 10, address: "10.0.10.1/24" }],
+          password: "s3cret",
+        },
+      };
+    });
+
+    const response = await app.inject({ method: "GET", url: `/vyos/install.py?mac=${mac}` });
+    expect(response.statusCode).toBe(200);
+
+    // Builds config from the image's own default so the vyos-config-version
+    // trailer matches and first boot skips migrations.
+    expect(response.body).toContain("/opt/vyatta/etc/config.boot.default");
+    expect(response.body).toContain("/usr/libexec/vyos/op_mode/image_installer.py");
+    // "complete" is what moves the machine out of the install queue.
+    expect(response.body).toContain('report("complete"');
+
+    const spec = decodeSpecFrom(response.body);
+    expect(spec["hostname"]).toBe("fw1");
+    expect(spec["password"]).toBe("s3cret");
+    expect(spec["disk"]).toBe("/dev/nvme0n1");
+
+    const paths = (spec["sets"] as Array<{ path: string[] }>).map((s) => s.path.join(" "));
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces bonding bond0 vif 10 address");
+    expect(paths).toContain("system host-name");
+  });
+
+  it("falls back to the bastion default password when none is set", async () => {
+    state.update((s) => {
+      s.install_queue[mac] = {
+        hostname: "fw9",
+        disk: "",
+        role: "worker",
+        os: "vyos-rolling",
+        queued_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+      };
+    });
+
+    const response = await app.inject({ method: "GET", url: `/vyos/install.py?mac=${mac}` });
+    const spec = decodeSpecFrom(response.body);
+    expect(spec["password"]).toBe("test-pw");
+    // Empty disk means "accept the installer's first-disk default".
+    expect(spec["disk"]).toBe("");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("vyos hw-id pinning", () => {
+  it("emits hw-id for the mgmt interface and each bond member", () => {
+    // Discovery sees enp2s0/enp1s0f0np0 under Fedora, but VyOS enumerates its
+    // own eth<N>. Pinning by MAC is what makes the mapping deterministic.
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({
+      hostname: "fw1",
+      defaultPassword: "pw",
+      spec: {
+        mgmtInterface: "eth2",
+        bondMembers: ["eth0", "eth1"],
+        hwIds: {
+          eth2: "64:62:66:25:96:47",
+          eth0: "64:62:66:25:96:45",
+          eth1: "64:62:66:25:96:46",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    const hw = spec.sets.filter((s) => s.path[s.path.length - 1] === "hw-id");
+    expect(hw.map((s) => [s.path[2], s.value])).toEqual([
+      ["eth2", "64:62:66:25:96:47"],
+      ["eth0", "64:62:66:25:96:45"],
+      ["eth1", "64:62:66:25:96:46"],
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("omits hw-id entirely when no mapping is given", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw1", defaultPassword: "pw" });
+    expect(spec.sets.some((s) => s.path.includes("hw-id"))).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("vyos management VLAN", () => {
+  it("puts the mgmt VLAN on the PXE port while the bond carries routed VLANs", () => {
+    // Trunked PXE port: boots untagged on the VLAN the bastion serves, stays
+    // reachable on the tagged management VLAN.
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({
+      hostname: "vyos001",
+      defaultPassword: "pw",
+      spec: {
+        mgmtInterface: "eth2",
+        mgmtAddress: "dhcp",
+        mgmtVlan: { id: 3, address: "192.168.3.4/24", description: "kvm" },
+        bondMembers: ["eth0", "eth1"],
+        vlans: [{ id: 2, address: "192.168.8.2/23" }],
+      },
+    });
+
+    const paths = spec.sets.map((s) => s.path.join(" "));
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces ethernet eth2 vif 3 address");
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces bonding bond0 vif 2 address");
+    // The mgmt VLAN must not land on the bond.
+    expect(paths).not.toContain("interfaces bonding bond0 vif 3 address");
+    expect(spec.tags.map((t) => t.join(" "))).toContain("interfaces ethernet eth2 vif");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("vyos VRRP HA", () => {
+  const haSpec = {
+    mgmtInterface: "eth2",
+    mgmtAddress: "dhcp",
+    bondMembers: ["eth0", "eth1"],
+    bondAddress: "192.168.1.252/24",
+    bondVrrp: "192.168.1.254/24",
+    vrrpPriority: 200,
+    vlans: [
+      { id: 3, address: "192.168.3.4/24", vrrp: "192.168.3.254/24" },
+      { id: 200, address: "192.168.2.252/24" },   // no VIP on this one
+    ],
+  };
+
+  it("emits a vrrp group per VIP with vrid = VLAN id and dotted vif interface", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw1", defaultPassword: "pw", spec: haSpec });
+    const paths = spec.sets.map((s) => `${s.path.join(" ")}${s.value !== undefined ? "=" + s.value : ""}`);
+
+    expect(paths).toContain("interfaces bonding bond0 address=192.168.1.252/24");
+    // untagged bond group: vrid 1, interface bond0 itself
+    expect(paths).toContain("high-availability vrrp group native interface=bond0");
+    expect(paths).toContain("high-availability vrrp group native vrid=1");
+    // address is a tag node -- VIP is the final path segment, no value
+    expect(paths).toContain("high-availability vrrp group native address 192.168.1.254/24");
+    // VLAN group: vrid = VLAN id, dotted vif
+    expect(paths).toContain("high-availability vrrp group vlan3 interface=bond0.3");
+    expect(paths).toContain("high-availability vrrp group vlan3 vrid=3");
+    expect(paths).toContain("high-availability vrrp group vlan3 address 192.168.3.254/24");
+    // VLAN without a VIP gets no group
+    expect(paths.some((p) => p.includes("group vlan200"))).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("applies the box-wide priority and one sync group over all groups", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({ hostname: "fw1", defaultPassword: "pw", spec: haSpec });
+    const prio = spec.sets.filter((s) => s.path[s.path.length - 1] === "priority"
+      && s.path[0] === "high-availability");
+    expect(prio).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(prio.every((s) => s.value === "200")).toBe(true);
+
+    // sync group binds the pair: all groups fail over together
+    const members = spec.sets.filter(
+      (s) => s.path.join(" ") === "high-availability vrrp sync-group MAIN member",
+    );
+    expect(members.map((m) => m.value)).toEqual(["native", "vlan3"]);
+    expect(members.every((m) => m.replace === false)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("emits no high-availability nodes when no VIPs are given", () => {
+    const spec = buildVyosConfigSpec({
+      hostname: "fw1",
+      defaultPassword: "pw",
+      spec: { bondMembers: ["eth0", "eth1"], vlans: [{ id: 3, address: "192.168.3.4/24" }] },
+    });
+    expect(spec.sets.some((s) => s.path[0] === "high-availability")).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("pickLargestInitrd", async () => {
+  const { pickLargestInitrd } = await import("../src/main.js");
+
+  // Verbatim from `xorriso -lsl /live/` on vyos-2026.08.05-0033-rolling.
+  const realListing = `total 8
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0           22255 Aug  5 01:33 'filesystem.packages'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0               6 Aug  5 01:33 'filesystem.packages-remove'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0        541192192 Aug  5 01:33 'filesystem.squashfs'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0        50352547 Aug  5 01:33 'initrd.img'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0        50352547 Aug  5 01:33 'initrd.img-6.18.41-vyos'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0              20 Aug  5 01:33 'packages.txt'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0         9135104 Aug  2 19:54 'vmlinuz'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0         9135104 Aug  2 19:54 'vmlinuz-6.18.41-vyos'
+`;
+
+  it("picks a full-size initrd from a real nightly listing", () => {
+    expect(pickLargestInitrd(realListing)).toEqual({ name: "initrd.img", size: 50352547 });
+  });
+
+  it("ignores 0-byte decoys and symlinks (which report link size, not target size)", () => {
+    const listing = `total 8
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0               0 Aug  5 01:33 'initrd.img'
+lrwxrwxrwx    1 0        0              24 Aug  5 01:33 'initrd.img-link' -> 'initrd.img-6.18.41-vyos'
+-r--r--r--    1 0        0        50352547 Aug  5 01:33 'initrd.img-6.18.41-vyos'
+`;
+    expect(pickLargestInitrd(listing)).toEqual({ name: "initrd.img-6.18.41-vyos", size: 50352547 });
+  });
+
+  it("returns undefined when only decoys exist", () => {
+    expect(pickLargestInitrd("-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 0 Aug 5 01:33 'initrd.img'\n")).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});

bastion/src/cli/src/api/client.ts

@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ export class LabdClient {
 
   async installMachine(opts: {
     mac: string; hostname: string; disk?: string; role?: string; os?: string;
+    vyos?: import("@lab/shared").VyosInstallSpec;
   }): Promise<{ status: string; data?: unknown; error?: string }> {
     return this.request("POST", "/api/machines/install", { body: opts });
   }

bastion/src/cli/src/commands/install.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,30 @@
 // CLI command: provision install
 // Queue a discovered machine for OS installation via labd.
 
-import { Command, Option } from "commander";
+import { Command, Option, InvalidArgumentError } from "commander";
 import { isValidOsId, SUPPORTED_OS, SUPPORTED_ROLES, ROLE_REGISTRY } from "@lab/shared";
+import type { VyosInstallSpec, VyosVlanSpec } from "@lab/shared";
 import { getLabdClient } from "../api/config.js";
 
+/** Parse a repeated --vlan flag: "<id>:<cidr>[:<description>]". */
+export function parseVlan(value: string, previous: VyosVlanSpec[] = []): VyosVlanSpec[] {
+  const parts = value.split(":");
+  const id = Number(parts[0]);
+  const address = parts[1] ?? "";
+  // InvalidArgumentError makes commander print a clean message instead of
+  // dumping a stack trace at the operator.
+  if (!Number.isInteger(id) || id < 1 || id > 4094) {
+    throw new InvalidArgumentError(`Invalid VLAN id in "${value}" (expected 1-4094)`);
+  }
+  if (!address.includes("/")) {
+    throw new InvalidArgumentError(
+      `Invalid VLAN address in "${value}" (expected CIDR, e.g. 10.0.10.1/24)`,
+    );
+  }
+  const description = parts.slice(2).join(":");
+  return [...previous, { id, address, ...(description ? { description } : {}) }];
+}
+
 function roleTable(): string {
   const lines: string[] = ["", "Available roles:"];
   for (const r of ROLE_REGISTRY) {
@@ -15,6 +35,38 @@ function roleTable(): string {
   return lines.join("\n");
 }
 
+/** Parse a repeated --vlan-vip flag: "<id>:<cidr>" — VRRP VIP for a --vlan entry. */
+export function parseVlanVip(
+  value: string,
+  previous: Record<number, string> = {},
+): Record<number, string> {
+  const index = value.indexOf(":");
+  const id = Number(index === -1 ? Number.NaN : value.slice(0, index));
+  const cidr = index === -1 ? "" : value.slice(index + 1).trim();
+  if (!Number.isInteger(id) || id < 1 || id > 4094 || !cidr.includes("/")) {
+    throw new InvalidArgumentError(
+      `Invalid VLAN VIP "${value}" (expected <id>:<cidr>, e.g. 3:192.168.3.254/24)`,
+    );
+  }
+  return { ...previous, [id]: cidr };
+}
+
+/** Parse a repeated --vyos-hwid flag: "<iface>=<mac>". */
+export function parseHwId(
+  value: string,
+  previous: Record<string, string> = {},
+): Record<string, string> {
+  const index = value.indexOf("=");
+  const iface = index === -1 ? "" : value.slice(0, index).trim();
+  const mac = index === -1 ? "" : value.slice(index + 1).trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (iface === "" || !/^([0-9a-f]{2}:){5}[0-9a-f]{2}$/.test(mac)) {
+    throw new InvalidArgumentError(
+      `Invalid hw-id "${value}" (expected <iface>=<mac>, e.g. eth2=64:62:66:25:96:47)`,
+    );
+  }
+  return { ...previous, [iface]: mac };
+}
+
 export function registerInstallCommand(parent: Command): void {
   parent
     .command("install <mac> <hostname>")
@@ -24,10 +76,32 @@ export function registerInstallCommand(parent: Command): void {
     .addOption(new Option("--role <role>", "Machine role (see below)").choices([...SUPPORTED_ROLES]).default("worker"))
     .addOption(new Option("--os <os>", "Operating system").choices([...SUPPORTED_OS]).default("fedora-43"))
     .option("--disk <device>", "Target disk device (auto-detect if omitted)")
+    .option("--vyos-mgmt <iface>", "VyOS: untagged interface the machine PXE boots from (default eth0)")
+    .option("--vyos-mgmt-address <addr>", "VyOS: CIDR for the management interface, or 'dhcp' (default dhcp)")
+    .option("--vyos-bond <ifaces>", "VyOS: comma-separated LACP bond members (must exclude the PXE NIC)")
+    .option("--vyos-bond-address <cidr>", "VyOS: address on the untagged bond (trunk native VLAN)")
+    .option("--vyos-bond-vrrp <cidr>", "VyOS: VRRP VIP floated on the untagged bond")
+    .option("--vlan-vip <id:cidr>", "VyOS: VRRP VIP for a --vlan entry (repeatable)", parseVlanVip)
+    .option("--vyos-vrrp-priority <n>", "VyOS: VRRP priority for all groups on this box (higher = master)")
+    .option("--vyos-mgmt-vlan <id:cidr[:desc]>", "VyOS: tagged management VLAN on the PXE port")
+    .option("--vlan <id:cidr[:desc]>", "VyOS: tagged VLAN sub-interface on the bond (repeatable)", parseVlan)
+    .option("--vyos-password <password>", "VyOS: password for the 'vyos' user")
+    .option("--vyos-hwid <iface=mac>", "VyOS: pin an interface name to a MAC via hw-id (repeatable)", parseHwId)
     .action(async (mac: string, hostname: string, opts: {
       role: string;
       os: string;
       disk?: string;
+      vyosMgmt?: string;
+      vyosMgmtAddress?: string;
+      vyosBond?: string;
+      vyosBondAddress?: string;
+      vyosBondVrrp?: string;
+      vlan?: VyosVlanSpec[];
+      vlanVip?: Record<number, string>;
+      vyosVrrpPriority?: string;
+      vyosMgmtVlan?: string;
+      vyosPassword?: string;
+      vyosHwid?: Record<string, string>;
     }) => {
       if (!isValidOsId(opts.os)) {
         console.error(`Unknown OS: ${opts.os}. Supported: ${SUPPORTED_OS.join(", ")}`);
@@ -39,6 +113,66 @@ export function registerInstallCommand(parent: Command): void {
         process.exit(1);
       }
 
+      const bondMembers = opts.vyosBond !== undefined && opts.vyosBond !== ""
+        ? opts.vyosBond.split(",").map((s) => s.trim()).filter((s) => s.length > 0)
+        : [];
+
+      // Attach --vlan-vip entries to their --vlan definitions. A VIP for a VLAN
+      // that was never defined is a typo that would otherwise vanish silently.
+      const vips = opts.vlanVip ?? {};
+      const vlans = (opts.vlan ?? []).map((v) =>
+        vips[v.id] !== undefined ? { ...v, vrrp: vips[v.id] as string } : v,
+      );
+      for (const id of Object.keys(vips)) {
+        if (!vlans.some((v) => String(v.id) === id)) {
+          console.error(`--vlan-vip ${id}:... has no matching --vlan ${id}:... entry`);
+          process.exit(1);
+        }
+      }
+
+      const vrrpPriority = opts.vyosVrrpPriority !== undefined && opts.vyosVrrpPriority !== ""
+        ? Number(opts.vyosVrrpPriority)
+        : undefined;
+      if (vrrpPriority !== undefined
+          && (!Number.isInteger(vrrpPriority) || vrrpPriority < 1 || vrrpPriority > 255)) {
+        console.error(`--vyos-vrrp-priority must be an integer 1-255 (got ${opts.vyosVrrpPriority})`);
+        process.exit(1);
+      }
+      const vyos: VyosInstallSpec = {
+        ...(opts.vyosMgmt !== undefined && opts.vyosMgmt !== ""
+          ? { mgmtInterface: opts.vyosMgmt } : {}),
+        ...(opts.vyosMgmtAddress !== undefined && opts.vyosMgmtAddress !== ""
+          ? { mgmtAddress: opts.vyosMgmtAddress } : {}),
+        ...(bondMembers.length > 0 ? { bondMembers } : {}),
+        ...(opts.vyosBondAddress !== undefined && opts.vyosBondAddress !== ""
+          ? { bondAddress: opts.vyosBondAddress } : {}),
+        ...(opts.vyosBondVrrp !== undefined && opts.vyosBondVrrp !== ""
+          ? { bondVrrp: opts.vyosBondVrrp } : {}),
+        ...(vrrpPriority !== undefined ? { vrrpPriority } : {}),
+        ...(vlans.length > 0 ? { vlans } : {}),
+        ...(opts.vyosPassword !== undefined && opts.vyosPassword !== ""
+          ? { password: opts.vyosPassword } : {}),
+        ...(opts.vyosHwid !== undefined && Object.keys(opts.vyosHwid).length > 0
+          ? { hwIds: opts.vyosHwid } : {}),
+        ...(opts.vyosMgmtVlan !== undefined && opts.vyosMgmtVlan !== ""
+          ? { mgmtVlan: parseVlan(opts.vyosMgmtVlan)[0] as VyosVlanSpec } : {}),
+      };
+      const hasVyosOptions = Object.keys(vyos).length > 0;
+
+      if (hasVyosOptions && !opts.os.startsWith("vyos")) {
+        console.error(`VyOS options require --os vyos-rolling (got --os ${opts.os})`);
+        process.exit(1);
+      }
+
+      // Firmware PXE cannot run over LACP, so the NIC that boots the installer
+      // must stay out of the bond — otherwise the next reinstall has no path in.
+      const mgmt = vyos.mgmtInterface ?? "eth0";
+      if (bondMembers.includes(mgmt)) {
+        console.error(`--vyos-bond must not include the PXE/management interface "${mgmt}"`);
+        console.error("PXE cannot boot over an LACP bond; keep that NIC unbonded.");
+        process.exit(1);
+      }
+
       try {
         const result = await getLabdClient().installMachine({
           mac,
@@ -46,11 +180,14 @@ export function registerInstallCommand(parent: Command): void {
           role: opts.role,
           os: opts.os,
           ...(opts.disk ? { disk: opts.disk } : {}),
+          ...(hasVyosOptions ? { vyos } : {}),
         });
 
         console.log(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
         console.log("");
-        const osLabel = opts.os.startsWith("ubuntu") ? "Ubuntu" : "Fedora";
+        const osLabel = opts.os.startsWith("ubuntu")
+          ? "Ubuntu"
+          : opts.os.startsWith("vyos") ? "VyOS" : "Fedora";
         console.log(`Power on the machine to start ${osLabel} installation.`);
 
         const roleInfo = ROLE_REGISTRY.find(r => r.name === opts.role);

bastion/src/cli/tests/install-vyos.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Tests for VyOS install option parsing.
+
+import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import { parseVlan } from "../src/commands/install.js";
+
+describe("parseVlan", () => {
+  it("parses id and CIDR", () => {
+    expect(parseVlan("10:10.0.10.1/24")).toEqual([{ id: 10, address: "10.0.10.1/24" }]);
+  });
+
+  it("accumulates across repeated flags", () => {
+    const first = parseVlan("10:10.0.10.1/24");
+    const both = parseVlan("20:10.0.20.1/24", first);
+    expect(both).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(both[1]).toEqual({ id: 20, address: "10.0.20.1/24" });
+  });
+
+  it("keeps a description, including one containing colons", () => {
+    expect(parseVlan("30:10.0.30.1/24:mgmt:secondary")).toEqual([
+      { id: 30, address: "10.0.30.1/24", description: "mgmt:secondary" },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects an address that is not CIDR", () => {
+    // A bare address would produce a VyOS config that fails to commit on first
+    // boot, long after the operator has stopped watching.
+    expect(() => parseVlan("10:10.0.10.1")).toThrow(/CIDR/);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects out-of-range and non-numeric VLAN ids", () => {
+    expect(() => parseVlan("0:10.0.10.1/24")).toThrow(/1-4094/);
+    expect(() => parseVlan("4095:10.0.10.1/24")).toThrow(/1-4094/);
+    expect(() => parseVlan("abc:10.0.10.1/24")).toThrow(/1-4094/);
+  });
+});

bastion/src/labd/src/routes/bastions.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
 import type { DbClient } from "../server.js";
 import { bastionRegistry } from "../services/bastion-registry.js";
 import { generateRequestId } from "@lab/shared";
+import type { VyosInstallSpec } from "@lab/shared";
 
 const COMMAND_TIMEOUT_MS = 15_000;
 
@@ -163,9 +164,9 @@ export function registerBastionRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, db: DbClient): void
 
   // Queue install — route to correct bastion by MAC
   app.post<{
-    Body: { mac?: string; hostname?: string; disk?: string; role?: string; os?: string };
+    Body: { mac?: string; hostname?: string; disk?: string; role?: string; os?: string; vyos?: VyosInstallSpec };
   }>("/api/machines/install", async (request, reply) => {
-    const { mac, hostname, disk, role, os } = request.body ?? {};
+    const { mac, hostname, disk, role, os, vyos } = request.body ?? {};
     if (!mac || !hostname) {
       return reply.code(400).send({ error: "mac and hostname are required" });
     }
@@ -183,6 +184,7 @@ export function registerBastionRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, db: DbClient): void
           const result = await sendCommand(all[0]!.bastionId, {
             type: "command-install",
             mac, hostname, disk: disk ?? "", role: role ?? "infra", os: os ?? "fedora-43",
+            ...(vyos ? { vyos } : {}),
           });
           return reply.code(result.status === "ok" ? 200 : 500).send(result);
         } catch (err) {
@@ -196,6 +198,7 @@ export function registerBastionRoutes(app: FastifyInstance, db: DbClient): void
       const result = await sendCommand(bastion.bastionId, {
         type: "command-install",
         mac, hostname, disk: disk ?? "", role: role ?? "infra", os: os ?? "fedora-43",
+        ...(vyos ? { vyos } : {}),
       });
       return reply.code(result.status === "ok" ? 200 : 500).send(result);
     } catch (err) {

bastion/src/shared/src/index.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ export type {
   DebugConfig,
   BastionState,
   BastionConfig,
+  VyosVlanSpec,
+  VyosInstallSpec,
 } from "./types/index.js";
 
 export { SUPPORTED_OS, SUPPORTED_ROLES, ROLE_REGISTRY, isValidOsId } from "./types/index.js";

bastion/src/shared/src/protocol/index.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Protocol types for agent-labd WebSocket communication.
 
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import type { VyosInstallSpec } from "../types/state.js";
 
 // --- Agent -> labd messages ---
 
@@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ export type BastionMessage =
 export type LabdBastionMessage =
   | { type: "bastion-enrolled"; bastionId: string }
   | { type: "bastion-heartbeat-ack"; serverTime: string }
-  | { type: "command-install"; requestId: string; mac: string; hostname: string; disk?: string; role: string; os: string }
+  | { type: "command-install"; requestId: string; mac: string; hostname: string; disk?: string; role: string; os: string; vyos?: VyosInstallSpec }
   | { type: "command-forget"; requestId: string; mac: string }
   | { type: "command-role-update"; requestId: string; mac: string; role: string }
   | { type: "command-debug"; requestId: string; mac: string; pxeBoot?: boolean }

bastion/src/shared/src/types/config.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ export interface BastionConfig {
   // Ubuntu support
   ubuntuVersion: string;
   ubuntuMirror: string;
+  // VyOS support — netboot artifacts are extracted from the ISO at startup.
+  // LTS ISOs are subscription-only, so this defaults to a rolling release.
+  vyosIsoUrl: string;
+  vyosDefaultPassword: string;
   // Syslog listener for install logs (Anaconda logging --host)
   syslogPort: number;
   // Flags

bastion/src/shared/src/types/index.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ export type {
   InstalledInfo,
   DebugConfig,
   BastionState,
+  VyosVlanSpec,
+  VyosInstallSpec,
 } from "./state.js";
 
 export { SUPPORTED_OS, SUPPORTED_ROLES, ROLE_REGISTRY, isValidOsId } from "./state.js";

bastion/src/shared/src/types/state.ts

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 
 export type ProvisionStackType = "dhcpproxy" | "iso" | "cloud-init";
 
-export type OsId = "fedora-43" | "ubuntu-26.04";
+export type OsId = "fedora-43" | "ubuntu-26.04" | "vyos-rolling";
 export type Arch = "x86_64" | "aarch64";
 
-export const SUPPORTED_OS: readonly OsId[] = ["fedora-43", "ubuntu-26.04"] as const;
+export const SUPPORTED_OS: readonly OsId[] = ["fedora-43", "ubuntu-26.04", "vyos-rolling"] as const;
 
 export function isValidOsId(value: string): value is OsId {
   return (SUPPORTED_OS as readonly string[]).includes(value);
@@ -75,11 +75,73 @@ export interface ProgressLogEntry {
   timestamp: string;
 }
 
+/** A tagged VLAN sub-interface on the bond (or on the mgmt NIC when unbonded). */
+export interface VyosVlanSpec {
+  id: number;
+  address: string;         // CIDR, e.g. "10.0.10.1/24"
+  description?: string;
+  /**
+   * VRRP virtual address (CIDR) floated on this VLAN. Emitted as a
+   * high-availability vrrp group with vrid = VLAN id, so the same spec on both
+   * HA peers (with different priorities) produces a matching group pair.
+   */
+  vrrp?: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * VyOS-specific install parameters. Rendered into the config.boot that the
+ * installer adopts, so the router comes up already configured.
+ *
+ * NOTE: bondMembers must NOT include the interface PXE booted from. Firmware
+ * PXE cannot run over LACP, so the install-time NIC has to stay unbonded.
+ */
+export interface VyosInstallSpec {
+  /** Interfaces aggregated into bond0 with LACP (802.3ad). Omit for no bond. */
+  bondMembers?: string[];
+  /** CIDR address on bond0 itself — the switch trunk's native/untagged VLAN. */
+  bondAddress?: string;
+  /** VRRP virtual address (CIDR) floated on the untagged bond (vrid 1). */
+  bondVrrp?: string;
+  /**
+   * VRRP priority for every group on this box. Higher wins mastership.
+   * The HA pair differs ONLY here (e.g. 200 on the primary, 100 on the
+   * standby) — addresses differ per box, VIPs and vrids match.
+   */
+  vrrpPriority?: number;
+  /** Tagged VLAN sub-interfaces, created on bond0 when bonded, else on mgmtInterface. */
+  vlans?: VyosVlanSpec[];
+  /** Untagged interface the machine PXE booted from. Defaults to "eth0". */
+  mgmtInterface?: string;
+  /** CIDR address for mgmtInterface, or "dhcp". Defaults to "dhcp". */
+  mgmtAddress?: string;
+  /**
+   * Tagged management VLAN on mgmtInterface, separate from the routed VLANs
+   * carried by the bond.
+   *
+   * Needed when the PXE port is a trunk: it boots untagged on the VLAN the
+   * bastion's proxy DHCP serves, and carries the management VLAN tagged so the
+   * router stays reachable there without giving up reinstallability.
+   */
+  mgmtVlan?: VyosVlanSpec;
+  /** Password for the "vyos" user. Falls back to the bastion default. */
+  password?: string;
+  /**
+   * VyOS interface name -> MAC, emitted as `hw-id` so names bind deterministically.
+   *
+   * Discovery runs under Fedora and reports predictable names (enp2s0,
+   * enp1s0f0np0), but VyOS enumerates its own eth<N> names, so a name observed
+   * during discovery cannot be used directly. Pinning by MAC removes the guess
+   * about which physical port a given eth<N> is.
+   */
+  hwIds?: Record<string, string>;
+}
+
 export interface InstallConfig {
   hostname: string;
   disk: string;
   role: Role;
   os?: OsId;          // defaults to "fedora-43" for backward compat
+  vyos?: VyosInstallSpec;  // only consulted when os is "vyos-rolling"
   arch?: Arch;         // detected from HardwareInfo or overridden
   queued_at: string;
   progress?: string;